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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—MissouriSCHURZ, Carl(1829—1906)Senate Years of Service: 1869-1871; 1871-1875Party: Republican; Liberal Republican SCHURZ, Carl, a Senator from Missouri; born in Liblar, near Cologne, Germany, March 2, 1829; educated at the gymnasium of Cologne and the University of Bonn; having taken part in the German revolutionary movement of 1848, he was compelled to flee from Germany; was a newspaper correspondent in Paris and later taught school in London; immigrated to the United States in 1852 and settled in Philadelphia, Pa.; moved to Watertown, Wis., in 1855; studied law; admitted to the bar and practiced in Milwaukee, Wis.; unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant governor and governor of Wisconsin; appointed Minister to Spain in 1861 but resigned in 1862; during the Civil War was appointed brigadier general of volunteers in the Union Army; engaged in newspaper work after the war in St. Louis, Mo.; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; was not a candidate for reelection in 1874; served in the Cabinet of President Rutherford Hayes as Secretary of the Interior 1877-1881; editor of the New York Evening Post 1881-1884; contributor to Harper’s Weekly 1892-1898; president of the National Civil Service Reform League 1892-1901; engaged in literary pursuits; died in New York City, May 14, 1906; interment in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Tarrytown, N.Y. Andrews, Wayne, ed. The Autobiography of Carl Schurz . New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1961. An abridged version of The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz (1907-1908) . Bancroft, Frederic, ed. Speeches, Correspondence and Political Papers of Carl Schurz . 6 vols. 1913. Reprint. New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969. Burlingame, Michael Ashton. “The Early Life of Carl Schurz, 1829-1865.” Ph.D. dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, 1971. Cross, Coy F., II. “Carl Schurz: Reformer.” In Missouri Folk Heroes of the 19th Century , edited by F. Mark McKiernan and Roger D. Launius, pp. 165-80. Independence, MO: Independence Press/Herald Publishing House, 1989. Donner, Barbara. “Carl Schurz and the Civil War.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1933. ___. “Carl Schurz the Diplomat.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 20 (March 1937): 291-309. ___. “Carl Schurz as Office Seeker.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 20 (December 1936): 127-42. Easum, Chester V. The Americanization of Carl Schurz . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1929. Fish, Carl Russell. “Carl Schurz—The American.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 12 (June 1929): 345-58. Fuess, Claude M. Carl Schurz, Reformer: 1829-1906. 1932. Reprint. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1963. Harwood, Glenn Reid. “The Movement for Assimilation: A Critical Analysis of the Rhetoric of Carl Schurz.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oregon, 1979. Lovett, Clara M. Carl Schurz, 1829-1906: A Biographical Essay and a Selective List of Reading Materials in English . Washington: Library of Congress, 1983. Mahaffey, Joseph H., ed. “Carl Schurz’s Letters from the South.” Georgia Historical Quarterly 35 (September 1951): 222-57. Mowry, Duane, ed. “Letters of Carl Schurz, B. Gratz Brown, James S. Rollins, G.G. Vest et al., Missourians, from the Private Papers and Correspondence of Senator James Rood Doolittle of Wisconsin.” Missouri Historical Review 11 (191 6/1917): 1-20. Plumb, Ralph. “The Schurz-Hobart Debate—1859.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 39 (Autumn 1955): 40-43. Schafer, Joseph. Carl Schurz, Militant Liberal . Evansville, WI: Antes Press, 1930. ___, trans. and ed. Intimate Letters of Carl Schurz, 1841-1869. 1928. Reprint. New York: Da Capo Press, 1970. Originally published in Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin 30. Schurz, Carl. Abraham Lincoln . Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1891. ___. Charles Sumner, An Essay . Edited by Arthur Reed Hogue. 1951. Reprint. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1972. ___. Henry Clay . 2 vols. 1887. Reprint of 1899 ed., with new introduction by Glyndon G. Van Deusen. New York: Chelsea House, 1980. Originally published as Life of Henry Clay . ___. The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz . 3 vols. New York: McClure Co., 1907-1908. Vol. 3 includes Frederic Bancroft and William A. Dunning, Sketch of His Life and Public Services . ___. “The Surrender of Rastatt.” Translated by Joseph Schafer. Wisconsin Magazine of History 12 (March 1929): 239-70. Simms, L. Moody, Jr. “Carl Schurz and the Negro.” Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society 25 (April 1969): 236-38. Terzian, James P. Defender of Human Rights: Carl Schurz . New York: J. Messner, 1965. Trefousse, Hans L. Carl Schurz: A Biography . Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1982. ___. “Carl Schurz Reconsidered.” Lincoln Herald 83 (Spring 1981): 563-73. ___. “Carl Schurz, the South, and the Politics of Virtue.” In Before Watergate: Problems of Corruption in American Society , edited by Abraham S. Eisenstadt, Ari Hoogenboom and Hans L. Trefousse, pp. 99-116. Brooklyn: Brooklyn College Press, 1978. ___. “Carl Schurz’s 1865 Southern Tour: A Reassessment.” In Prospects: An Annual of American Cultural Studies vol. 2, edited by Jack Salzman, pp. 293-308. New York: Burt Franklin & Co., 1976. Wersich, Rudiger, ed. Carl Schurz: Revolutionary and Statesman: His Life in Personal and Official Documents with Illustrations . Munich: Moos, 1979. Wittke, Carl. “Carl Schurz and Rutherford B. Hayes.” Ohio Historical Quarterly 65 (October 1956): 337-55. Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present |
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