Harry Houdini

Name at birth: Ehrich Weiss

Harry Houdini was the most influential magician of the 20th century. His specialty was escapes: slipping out of ropes, chains and handcuffs while locked in trunks and milk cans or submerged underwater. (He once jumped into San Francisco Bay while handcuffed and shackled to a ball and chain.) In an era before TV, Houdini became world famous by barnstorming across America and around the globe. His skills and showmanship made the single name "Houdini" synonymous with entertaining magic; he is often credited with influencing later magicians from David Copperfield to David Blaine. He died in 1926, reportedly due to peritonitis after his appendix ruptured; the legend that he died during a failed escape is untrue. He was buried without an autopsy, and in 2007 a plan by family members to exhume his body moved forward, in an effort to solve the longstanding mystery of what caused his death.