Economy

Moldova's fertile soil supports wheat, corn, barley, tobacco, sugar beets, soybeans, and sunflowers, as well as extensive fruit orchards, vineyards, and walnut groves. Horticulture is important for the production of essences such as rose oil and lavender. Beef and dairy cattle are raised, and beekeeping and silkworm breeding are widespread. Industries include food processing, metallurgy, engineering, and the manufacture of textiles, agricultural machinery, and electrical equipment. After achieving independence, Moldova took steps toward converting to a market economy and launched an ambitious privatization program, but the country largely remains undeveloped industrially and ranks as one of the poorest nations of Europe. Many Moldovans have sought work abroad. Exports are chiefly agricultural products. Moldova imports all of its oil, coal, and natural gas, as well as steel, machinery, and automobiles. The principal trading partners are Russia, Ukraine, and other former Soviet republics.

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2007, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.

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