C- calorie
- The amount of energy needed to raise
the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
- calorimeter
- Any one of a number of devices used
for measuring the heat content.
- carbocyclic
- Being or having an organic ring of
carbon atoms.
- carbohydrate
- An organic compound with the general
formula Cx(H2O)y.
- carcinogen
- A cancer-causing agent.
- catalysis
- A process in which a catalyst
increases the speed of a chemical reaction.
- catalyst
- A substance which increases the rate
of a chemical reaction, but itself remains unchanged at the end of
the reaction.
- cathode
- A negative electrode.It is the
electrode from which current leaves an electrolytic cell.
- cation
- A positively charged ion.
- caustic
- Corrosive; able to eat away or destroy
by chemical action.
- chelated
- Combined with a metal to form a
chelate ring, in which a metal ion is held by coordinate
bonds.
- chiral
- Relating to a molecule that cannot be
superimposed on its mirror image.
- chlorofluorocarbons
- Synthetic compounds containing carbon,
chlorine, fluorine, and sometimes hydrogen that are used in
refrigerants, propellants, the manufacture of foams, and cleaning
solvents.
- chlorophyll
- The catalytic substance in
photosynthesis that contains a Mg2+ ion inthe center of
a specialized ring structure known as a porphyrin.Porphyrins have a
central portion containing nitrogen atoms that canattach to a metal
ion.
- chromatography
- Any process for separating materials
using two phases, one stationary, and one moving.One example: gas
chromatography (gas as moving phase, solid as stationary
phase).
- colloid
- A substance consisting of particles
dispersed throughout another substance.
- combustion
- Rapid oxidation (burning) accompanied
by the release of heat.
- composting
- The controlled biological
decomposition of organic solid wastes under aerobic (in the
presence of oxygen) conditions.Organic materials are transformed
into soil enhancers such as humus and mulch.
- condensation
- The process of vapor molecules forming
a liquid.
- couples
- A half-reaction which explicitly shows
electron transfer
- covalent bond
- Bonds that hold atoms together by the
sharing of electrons.
- covalent radius
- Value assigned to an atom such that
the sum of the covalent radii of atoms A and B is (approximately)
the A-B bond length.
- critical pressure
- The lowest pressure required to
transform a gas into a liquid at the critical temperature.
- critical temperature
- One of three parameters (critical
pressure and critical molar volume being the other two) defining
the point at which random thermal molecular motion become so
violent that attractive forces are unable to bring about
condensation even when the molecules are squeezed together; a
temperature above which a vapor cannot be turned into a liquid no
matter how much pressure is applied.
Glossary created by David Shaw (Madison Area Technical College) for The Chemistry Place. Information Please® Chemistry Place, ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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