Honduras News & Current Events

Military Coup Brings Instability

On June 28th, 2009, Honduran President Manuel Zelaya was deposed in a military coup. Zelaya had faced widespread criticism for attempting to extend presidential term limits by holding a constitutional referendum, which the Supreme Court had ruled was illegal. A group of countries, including the United States and Venezuela–an unlikely alliance, signed a resolution condemning the actions of the Honduran military and demanded that Zelaya be reinstated as president. The U.S. suspended military and development aid to Honduras after the coup. Roberto Micheletti, with the backing of the Honduran Congress, courts, and army, assumed leadership of the country. Zelaya, on the other hand, had the support of most of Latin America's leftist governments, including the leaders of Argentina, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

Zelaya attempted to return to his country by plane on July 5, but he found a closed runway and well-armed Honduran troops on the ground waiting for him. In Sept., Zelaya secretly returned to Honduras, taking refuge in the Brazilian embassy. Micheletti responded by temporarily cutting off power and water to the embassy, suspending constitutional freedoms, and shuttering a television channel and a radio station. The moves met widespread criticism from within Honduras and abroad, and Micheletti rescinded his restrictions.

The U.S. brokered an agreement between Zelaya and Micheletti in late October that left Zelaya's reinstatement up to a Congressional vote, called for the establishment of a government of national unity and a truth commission, and required Zelaya to abandon a referendum on constitutional reform. The accord, however, fell apart within days, as Micheletti reportedly attempted to form a government that did not include Zelaya.

In November presidential elections, Porfirio Lobo, the candidate of the conservative National Party, defeated Elvin Santos, who represented the Liberal Party, 56% to 38%. Zelaya refused to recognize the results of the election. In December, Congress rejected a plan to allow Zelaya to return to office. Lobo took office in January 2010, thus ending seven months of political turmoil.

On May 28, 2011, nearly two years after he was ousted in a court- and legislature-backed coup, Manuel Zelaya returned to his home country. As part of a prearranged deal, prosecutors dropped corruption and constitution violation charges against the former president and Honduras was readmitted to the Organization of American States (OAS).

Fire in Prison Kills Hundreds

On Feb. 14, 2012, over 300 people were killed when a fire broke out at a prison in Comayagua. According to officials, the cause was an inmate setting fire to his mattress. The fire spread quickly, burning out of control for forty minutes. Most of the victims died in their cells, waiting for rescue. Some inmates busted through the prison's roof and escaped. In an attempt to rescue loved ones, relatives clashed with police at the prison gate.

With overcrowded prisons, the country has experienced other tragic prison fires in recent years. In 2003, almost 70 inmates were killed in an El Porvenir prison fire. More than 100 prisoners were killed at a prison in San Pedro Sula in 2004. Those fires, along with the latest one in Comayagua, have been considered some of the worst fires to in recent Latin American history.

Honduras Becomes Focus in U.S. Drug War

With Mexico cracking down on narcotics barons, the United States turned its focus to Honduras, setting up three new bases in the country: one in the rain forest, another in the savanna, and the third on the coast. The locations for the bases were chosen based on cocaine smuggling routes from South America to the United States. The new, forward bases were patterned after the ones in Iraq and Afghanistan, giving troops secure, but small spaces. Due to strict rules of engagement, American soldiers are not allowed to participate in combat in Central America. In fact, U.S. troops are only allowed to fire in self-defense so the mission in Honduras was designed for a limited number of soldiers to partner with local police forces and foreign military.

In mid-May 2012, protestors in Ahuas rioted in the streets and set fire to government buildings. They demanded that all the U.S. drug enforcement agents leave. The protest was over a dispute involving an anti-drug operation on May 11 which killed four innocent people while they were fishing. Two of the people killed were pregnant women. The protesting began after the mayor of Ahuas, Lucio Baquedano, and others accused the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration and the local police of killing the four people. Security officials for both the U.S. and Honduras disputed the accusation, saying that the operation had seized 1,000 pounds of cocaine and resulted in the death of two drug traffickers. U.S. officials added that only Honduran police had fired weapons. Despite these disputes, human rights organizations and Honduran officials called for a further investigation into the May 11 operation.

Juan Orlando Hernández Wins 2013 Presidential Election

Presidential elections were held on Nov. 24, 2013. Juan Orlando Hernández won, beating second place candidate Xiomara Castro by 250,000 votes. A member of the National Party, Hernández was President of the National Congress of Honduras from Jan. 2010 until June 2013 when he left to focus on his presidential campaign.

Hernández, a lawyer and businessman, studied legislation in Spain and public administration at the State University of New York. He gained attention in Honduras when he was described as a "cipote malcriado" (badly brought up kid) by Liberal Party leader Rafael Pineda Ponce. Hernández took office on Jan. 27, 2014.

See also Encyclopedia: Honduras 
U.S. State Dept. Country Notes: Honduras 
Instituto Nacional de Estadistica http://www.ine-hn.org/ .