1844

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints founder Joseph Smith was murdered by a mob in Carthage, Ill.

1898

Joshua Slocum became the first person to successfully circumnavigate the earth alone when he landed his sloop Spray in Newport, R.I., a 46,000-mile trip.

1922

The Newbery Medal for children’s literature was first awarded.

1950

President Harry S. Truman ordered the Air Force and Navy into the Korean War.

1954

The world's first atomic power station opened at Obninsk, near Moscow.

1969

Police and gays clashed at the Stonewall Inn in New York City, fostering the gay rights movement.

1985

The legendary Route 66, running from Chicago to Santa Monica, Calif., was decertified, the victim of the Interstate Highway System.

2003

The national do-not-call registry, formed to combat unwanted telemarketing calls and administered by the Federal Trade Commission, enrolled almost three-quarters of a million phone numbers on its first day.

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