 |
Union Participation by Occupation and Industry| | Percent of employed
population that are
members of unions1 | Percent of employed
population that are
represented by unions2 |
|---|
| | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 |
|---|
| Occupation | | | | | | | | Managerial and professional specialty | 13.2% | 12.8% | 13.2% | 15.4% | 15.2% | 15.5% | | Executive, administrative, and managerial | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 6.4 | | Professional specialty | 19.7 | 19.5 | 20.2 | 22.5 | 22.7 | 23.4 | | Technical, sales, and administrative support | 9.0 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.5 | | Technicians and related support | 11.0 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 12.5 | 12.0 | 12.2 | | Sales occupations | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.0 | | Administrative support, including clerical | 12.2 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 13.8 | 14.3 | 14.1 | | Service occupations | 12.8 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.9 | 14.5 | 14.5 | | Protective service | 38.2 | 41.3 | 39.9 | 40.8 | 43.7 | 42.9 | | Service, except protective service | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 10.0 | | Precision production, craft, and repair | 22.4 | 22.1 | 22.6 | 23.5 | 23.1 | 23.7 | | Operators, fabricators, and laborers | 20.7 | 21.3 | 21.5 | 21.9 | 22.3 | 22.7 | Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors | 20.5 | 21.4 | 21.9 | 21.7 | 22.3 | 22.9 | Transportation and material moving
occupations | 22.8 | 24.4 | 24.3 | 24.1 | 25.7 | 25.9 | Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers | 18.9 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 20.0 | 19.1 | 19.4 | | Farming, forestry, and fishing | 5.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | | Industry | | | | | | | | Private wage and salary workers | 9.4 | 9.5 | n.a. | 10.2 | 10.3 | n.a. | | Agriculture | 2.5 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 2.4 | | Nonagricultural industries | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.8 | | Mining | 10.6 | 12.2 | 13.9 | 11.4 | 13.4 | 14.3 | | Construction | 19.1 | 17.8 | 18.6 | 19.6 | 18.4 | 19.5 | | Manufacturing | 15.6 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 16.6 | 16.8 | 17.2 | | Durable goods | 16.4 | 16.6 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 18.5 | | Nondurable goods | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 15.3 | 15.7 | 15.4 | | Transportation and public utilities | 25.5 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 26.7 | 27.0 | 27.5 | | Transportation | 25.5 | 25.7 | 26.5 | 26.7 | 26.8 | 27.9 | | Communications and public utilities | 25.4 | 26.0 | 25.1 | 26.9 | 27.4 | 26.7 | | Wholesale and retail trade | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.2 | | Wholesale trade | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.6 | | Retail trade | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.1 | | Finance, insurance, and real estate | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | | Services | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.5 | | Government workers | 37.3 | 37.5 | 37.2 | 42.1 | 42.5 | 42.3 | | Federal | 32.1 | 33.8 | 32.0 | 39.0 | 39.7 | 39.4 | | State | 29.2 | 27.8 | 29.5 | 34.0 | 32.4 | 33.4 | | Local | 42.9 | 43.8 | 42.7 | 47.0 | 48.6 | 47.7 |
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time workers. Excluded are all self-employed workers regardless of whether or not their businesses are incorporated. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. 1. Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union. 2. Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
Information Please® Database, © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
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