Symbol: Nd
Atomic Number: 60
Atomic Weight: 144.24
Element Classification: Rare Earth Element (Lanthanide Series)
Discovered By: C.F. Aver von Welsbach
Discovery Date: 1925 (Austria)
Name Origin: Greek: neos and didymos (new twin).
Density (g/cc): 7.007
Melting Point (K): 1294
Boiling Point (K): 3341
Appearance: Silvery-white, rare-earth metal that oxidizes easily in air
Atomic Radius (pm): 182
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 20.6
Covalent Radius (pm): 184
Ionic Radius: 99.5 (+3e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.205
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 7.1
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 289
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (K): n/a
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.14
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 531.5
Oxidation States: 3
Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²
Lattice Structure: Hexagonal (HEX)
Lattice Constant (Å): 3.660
Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.614