Symbol: Th
Atomic Number: 90
Atomic Weight: 232.0381
Element Classification: Radioactive Rare Earth Element (Actinide Series)
Discovered By: Jons Jacob Berzelius
Discovery Date: 1828 (Sweden)
Name Origin: Named for Thor, Norse god of thunder.
Density (g/cc): 11.78
Melting Point (K): 2028
Boiling Point (K): 5060
Appearance: Gray, soft, malleable, ductile, radioactive metal
Atomic Radius (pm): 180
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 19.8
Covalent Radius (pm): 165
Ionic Radius: 102 (+4e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.113
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 16.11
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 513.7
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (K): 100.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.3
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 670.4
Oxidation States: 4
Electronic Configuration: [Rn] 6d² 7s²
Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
Lattice Constant (Å): 5.080
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a