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Proudhon, Pierre Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Proudhon, Pierre Joseph pyĕr zhôzĕfˈ pro͞odhôNˈ [key], 1809–65, French social theorist. Of a poor family, Proudhon won an education through scholarships. Much of his later life was spent in p...

Ferrer, José Vicente

(Encyclopedia)Ferrer, José Vicente hōsāˈ vēsānˈtā fərârˈ [key], 1912–92, American actor, director, and producer, b. Santurce, Puerto Rico. Ferrer made his debut in 1935 and in 1940 gained acclaim in Ch...

Eguren, José María

(Encyclopedia)Eguren, José María hōsāˈ mārēˈä ĕgo͞oˈrān [key], 1882–1942, Peruvian poet. Originally devoted to modernismo, Eguren avoided its excesses and wrote terse, musical, and sometimes obscure ...

Churriguera, José Benito

(Encyclopedia)Churriguera, José Benito chûrˌēgərĕskˈ [key] describes the architecture of the late 17th and early 18th cent. in Spain, marked by extravagance of design and capricious use of Renaissance motive...

Mauroy, Pierre

(Encyclopedia)Mauroy, Pierre pyĕr môrwäˈ [key], 1928–2013, French politician. Educated at the École National d'Apprentissage de Cachan, he was a teacher and an active member of the new Socialist party from t...

Bonnard, Pierre

(Encyclopedia)Bonnard, Pierre pyĕr bônärdˈ [key], 1867–1947, French painter, lithographer, and illustrator. In the 1890s he was associated with the Nabis. His delight in familiar views of everyday life was tr...

Mariátegui, José Carlos

(Encyclopedia)Mariátegui, José Carlos hōsāˈ kärˈlōs märēäˈtāgē [key], 1895–1930, Peruvian writer and political leader. Of a poor family, he was a tubercular from childhood but rose to prominence as ...

Silva, José Asunción

(Encyclopedia)Silva, José Asunción hōsāˈ äso͞onsyōnˈ sĭlˈvä [key], 1865–96, Colombian poet, one of the precursors of modernismo. Silva's life was shadowed by the loss of a crucial manuscript, family d...

Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel

(Encyclopedia)Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel pyĕr sämüĕlˈ dü pôN də nəmo͞orˈ [key], 1739–1817, French economist, one of the physiocrats. Early in his career he attracted the attention of François Q...

Rizal, José

(Encyclopedia)Rizal, José hōsāˈ rēsälˈ [key], 1861–96, Philippine nationalist, author, poet, and physician, b. Calamba, Laguna prov. He studied at a Jesuit school in Manila, at the Univ. of Madrid (M.D., 1...