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Krochmal, Nachman

(Encyclopedia)Krochmal, Nachman näkhˈmän krôkhˈmäl [key], 1785–1840, Jewish secular historian and writer, b. Galicia. He was a leader in the movement of the Jewish enlightenment and a pioneer of modern Jewi...

Kölcsey, Ferenc

(Encyclopedia)Kölcsey, Ferenc fĕˈrĕnts kölˈchĕĭ [key], 1790–1838, Hungarian writer and orator. A student of the Enlightenment, he aided his friend Krasiński in a reform of the Hungarian language, investi...

Feijoo, Benito Jerónimo

(Encyclopedia)Feijoo, Benito Jerónimo: bānēˈtō hārōˈnēmō fāēhōˈō [key], 1676–1764, Spanish Benedictine scholar and critic, abbot at Oviedo, Asturias. Feijoo led in bringing the Enlightenment to Spa...

Bodh Gaya

(Encyclopedia)Bodh Gaya or Buddh Gaya both: bo͝od gäˈyä [key], village, Bihar state, E central Indi...

Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim

(Encyclopedia)Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim gôtˈhôlt āˈfräĭm [key], 1729–81, German philosopher, dramatist, and critic, one of the most influential figures of the Enlightenment. He was connected with the theat...

Grimm, Friedrich Melchior, Baron

(Encyclopedia)Grimm, Friedrich Melchior, Baron frēˈdrĭkh mĕlˈkhēôr bärōnˈ grĭm [key], 1723–1807, German man of letters in France. He contributed to the Encyclopédie articles on music that were bellige...

Gaya

(Encyclopedia)Gaya gīˈə [key], city, Bihar state, E central India. The region is sacred to Buddhist and ...

Haskalah

(Encyclopedia)Haskalah häˌskəläˈ [key], [Heb.,=enlightenment] Jewish movement in Europe active from the 1770s to the 1880s. Beginning in Germany in the circle of the German Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn...

Novikov, Nikolai Ivanovich

(Encyclopedia)Novikov, Nikolai Ivanovich nyĭkəlīˈ ēväˈnəvĭch nôˈvēkəf [key], 1744–1818, Russian journalist and publisher. In 1769, with the Drone, he started the vogue of the satirical magazine model...

Campomanes, Pedro Rodríguez de, conde de Campomanes

(Encyclopedia)Campomanes, Pedro Rodríguez de, conde de Campomanes pāˈᵺrō rôᵺrēˈgāth kōnˈdā dā kämpōmäˈnās [key], 1723–1802, Spanish statesman, economist, and author. As president of the counc...

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