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Constantinople

(Encyclopedia)Constantinople kŏnˌstănˌtĭnōˈpəl [key], former capital of the Byzantine Empire and of the Ottoman Empire, since 1930 officially called İstanbul (for location and description, see İstanbul). ...

Sèvres, Treaty of

(Encyclopedia)Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920, peace treaty concluded after World War I at Sèvres, France, between the Ottoman Empire (Turkey), on the one hand, and the Allies (excluding Russia and the United States) on ...

Masaya

(Encyclopedia)Masaya mäsäˈyä [key], city (1995 est. pop. 80,051), W Nicaragua, capital of Masaya dept. Connected by rail and highway to Granada and Managua, Masaya is a commercial and light manufacturing center...

Baybars I

(Encyclopedia)Baybars I bīˈbärs [key], 1223–77, Mamluk sultan (1260–77) of Egypt and Syria. Once a Turkish slave, Baybars became a commander of the Ayyubid and then Mamluk armies. In 1260 he led Mamluk troop...

Moriscos

(Encyclopedia)Moriscos môrĭsˈkōz [key] [Span.,=Moorish], Moors converted to Christianity after the Christian reconquest (11th–15th cent.) of Spain. The Moors who had become subjects of Christian kings as the ...

Aqmola

(Encyclopedia)Aqmola, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Astana

(Encyclopedia)Astana, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Tselinograd

(Encyclopedia)Tselinograd, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Bourges

(Encyclopedia)Bourges bo͞orzh [key], city, capital of Cher dept., central France. It is a transportation c...

Abu Bakr

(Encyclopedia)Abu Bakr äˈbo͞o bäkˈər [key], 573–634, 1st caliph, friend, father-in-law, and successor of Muhammad. He was probably Muhammad's first convert outside the Prophet's family and alone accompanied...