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Boyd Orr, John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron

(Encyclopedia)Boyd Orr, John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron, 1880–1971, British nutritionist and agricultural scientist, b. Scotland, grad. Univ. of Glasgow. He was professor of agriculture at the Univ. of Aberdeen (1942–...

Carrington, Peter Carington, 6th Baron

(Encyclopedia)Carrington, Peter Carington, 6th Baron, 1919–2018, British politician. Educated at Eton and Sandhurst, he succeeded to the peerage in 1938. After serving with distinction in World War II, he took hi...

Casimir IV

(Encyclopedia)Casimir IV, 1427–92, king of Poland (1447–92). He became (1440) ruler of Lithuania and in 1447 succeeded his brother Ladislaus III as king of Poland. He united the two nations more closely by plac...

Caulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis de

(Encyclopedia)Caulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis de ärmäNˈ ōgüstăNˈ lwē märkēˈ də kōlăNko͞orˈ [key], b. 1772 or 1773, d. 1827, French diplomat and general, created duke of Vicenza by Napol...

Tardieu, André

(Encyclopedia)Tardieu, André äNdrāˈ tärdyöˈ [key], 1876–1945, French statesman and journalist. He became (1905) chief political editor of the Temps, was elected (1914) a deputy, and was named minister (191...

Tehran Conference

(Encyclopedia)Tehran Conference, Nov. 28–Dec. 1, 1943, meeting of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Premier Joseph Stalin at Tehran, Iran. The conference was held to stren...

Utah War

(Encyclopedia)Utah War, in U.S. history, conflict between Mormons and the U.S. government. In the spring of 1857, President James Buchanan appointed a non-Mormon, Alfred Cumming, as governor of the Utah Territory, ...

Westminster, Statute of

(Encyclopedia)Westminster, Statute of, 1931, in British imperial history, an act of the British Parliament that gave formal recognition to the autonomy of the dominions of the British Empire and was in effect the f...

United Nations Children's Fund

(Encyclopedia)United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), a specialized fund of the United Nations. It was established in 1946 as the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, and became a permanent part...

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Office of the

(Encyclopedia)United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Office of the (UNHCR), established Dec. 14, 1950, by the General Assembly. It superseded the International Refugee Organization. It seeks permanent solut...