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socialism

(Encyclopedia)socialism, general term for the political and economic theory that advocates a system of collective or government ownership and management of the means of production and distribution of goods. Because...

Christian socialism

(Encyclopedia)Christian socialism, term used in Great Britain and the United States for a kind of socialism growing out of the clash between Christian ideals and the effects of competitive business. In Europe, it u...

guild socialism

(Encyclopedia)guild socialism, form of socialism developed in Great Britain that advocated a system of industrial self-government through national worker-controlled guilds. The theory, as originated by Arthur J. Pe...

National Socialism

(Encyclopedia)National Socialism or Nazism, doctrines and policies of the National Socialist German Workers' party, which ruled Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1933 to 1945. In German the party name was Nationalsoz...

Bernstein, Eduard

(Encyclopedia)Bernstein, Eduard āˈdo͞oärt bĕrnˈshtīn [key], 1850–1932, German socialist. From 1872 he was actively associated with the Social Democratic party. In 1878, antisocialist legislation sent him i...

Cole, George Douglas Howard

(Encyclopedia)Cole, George Douglas Howard, 1889–1959, English economist, labor historian, and socialist. Educated at Oxford, he was long associated with the university and held a professorship from 1944 to 1957. ...

Guesde, Jules

(Encyclopedia)Guesde, Jules zhül gĕd [key], 1845–1922, French socialist, whose original name was Basile. Exiled for his support of the Paris commune, he became a confirmed Marxist after 1876 and, with Paul Lafa...

Hyndman, Henry Mayers

(Encyclopedia)Hyndman, Henry Mayers hīndˈmən [key], 1842–1921, English Socialist, an early advocate of Marxism in England. He was a journalist by profession. In 1881 he founded the parent organization of the S...

Nazi

(Encyclopedia)Nazi: see National Socialism.

Nazism

(Encyclopedia)Nazism: see National Socialism.