Serbia

Facts & Figures

Map of Serbia
  • President: Aleksandar Vucic (2017)

    Prime Minister: Ana Brnabic (2017)

    Land and total area: 29,913 sq mi (77,474 sq km)

    Population (July 2022 est): 6,739,471 (growth rate: –0.75%); birth rate: 8.92/1000; infant mortality rate: 4.81/1000; life expectancy: 74.17.

    Capital and largest city (2022 est.): Belgrade, 1.405 million

    Monetary unit: Yugoslav new dinar. In Kosovo both the euro and the Yugoslav dinar are legal

    National name: Republika Srbija

    Current government officials

    Languages: Serbian (official) 88.1%, Hungarian 3.4%, Bosnian 1.9%, Romany 1.4%, other 3.4%, undeclared or unknown 1.8%. Note: Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak, Romanian, Croatian, and Rusyn all official in Vojvodina (2011 est.)

    Ethnicity/race: Serb 83.3%, Hungarian 3.5%, Romany 2.1%, Bosniak 2%, other 5.7%, undeclared or unknown 3.4% (2011 est.)

    Religions: Serbian Orthodox 84.6%, Catholic 5%, Muslim 3.1%, Protestant 1%, atheist 1.1%, other 0.8%, undeclared or unknown 4.5% (2011 est.)

    Literacy rate: 99.5% (2019 est.)

    Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2020 est.): $125.8 billion; per capita $18,200. Real growth rate: 4.18%. Inflation: -0.1%. Unemployment: 14.1%. Arable land: 37.7% Agriculture: wheat, maize, sunflower, sugar beets, fruits (raspberries, apples, sour cherries), vegetables (tomatoes, peppers, potatoes), beef, pork, and meat products, milk and dairy products, grapes/wine. Labor force: 3 million; agriculture 19.4%, industry 24.5%, services 56.1% (2017). Industries: automobiles, base metals, furniture, food processing, machinery, chemicals, sugar, tires, clothes, pharmaceuticals. Natural resources: oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, arable land. Exports: $25.42 billion (2020 est.): iron and steel, rubber, clothes, wheat, fruit and vegetables, nonferrous metals, electric appliances, metal products, weapons and ammunition, automobiles. Major trading partners (exports): Germany 12%, Italy 10%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 7%, Romania 6%, Russia 5%  (2019). Imports: $30.15 billion (2020). Major trading partners (imports): Germany 13%, Russia 9%, Italy 8%, Hungary 6%, China 5%, Turkey 5% (2019). 

    Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 2,572,254 (2020); mobile cellular: 8,260,758 (2020). Internet hosts: 1.102 million (2012) Internet users: 5,381,318 (2020).

    Transportation: Railways: total: 3,809 km (2015). Highways: total: 44,248 km; paved: 28,000 km, unpaved: 16,248 km (2016). Waterways: 587 km; primarily on Danube and Sava rivers (2009). Airports: 26 (2021).

    International disputes: Serbia with several other states protest the US and other states' recognition of Kosovo's declaration of its status as a sovereign and independent state in February 2008; ethnic Serbian municipalities along Kosovo's northern border challenge final status of Kosovo-Serbia boundary; several thousand NATO-led Kosovo Force peacekeepers under United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo authority continue to keep the peace within Kosovo between the ethnic Albanian majority and the Serb minority in Kosovo; Serbia delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute.

    Major sources and definitions

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