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Rousseau, Jean Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Rousseau, Jean Jacques zhäN zhäk roos´ [key], 1712–78, Swiss-French philosopher, author, political theorist, and composer. Life and Works Rousseau was born at Geneva, the son of a Calvinist w...

Faguet, Émile

(Encyclopedia)Faguet, Émile ml´ fäg´ [key], 1847–1916, French literary critic and historian. His prolific studies stimulated interest in French intellectual history of the 17th, 18th, and 19th cent. His...

Burlamaqui, Jean Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Burlamaqui, Jean Jacques zhäN zhäk boorlämäk´ [key], 1694–1748, Swiss jurist. His chief works are Principes du droit naturel [principles of natural law] (1747) and Principes du droit politi...

Dessalines, Jean Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Dessalines, Jean Jacques zhäN zhäk dsäln´ [key], c.1758–1806, emperor of Haiti (1804–6), born a slave. A shrewd general, he served under Toussaint Louverture in the wars that liberated Hai...

Rousseau, Henri

(Encyclopedia)Rousseau, Henri äNr´ roos´ [key], 1844–1910, French primitive painter, b. Laval. He was entirely self-taught, and his work remained consistently naive and imaginative. Rousseau was called L...

Rousseau, Théodore

(Encyclopedia)Rousseau, Théodore tdôr´ roos´ [key], 1812–67, French landscape painter; leader of the Barbizon school. He first received recognition in the Salon of 1848 and was commissioned by the sta...

Smith College

(Encyclopedia)Smith College, at Northampton, Mass.; undergraduate for women, graduate coeducational; chartered 1871, opened 1875 through a bequest of Sophia Smith. The first president, Laurenus Clark Seelye, was in...

Santer, Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Santer, Jacques (Jean Jacques Santer)zhäN zhäk säNtr´ [key], 1937–, Luxembourg political leader and European statesman. A lawyer and economist, he entered politics as a member of the Christian...

Gravier, Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Gravier, Jacques zhäk grävy´ [key], 1651–1708, French Jesuit missionary to the tribes of the Illinois region. He went to Canada in 1685. He was sent west to the St. Ignace mission at Mackinac i...

Claude, Jean

(Encyclopedia)Claude, Jean zhäN kld [key], 1619–87, French Protestant theologian. As Protestant pastor at Paris, Claude received considerable attention for his disagreements with the Roman Catholic apologist J...