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Layard, Sir Austen Henry

(Encyclopedia)Layard, Sir Austen Henry lāˈərd [key], 1817–94, English archaeologist and diplomat. Between 1842 and 1851 he explored and excavated in Mesopotamia, especially at Nineveh. In the period from 1852 ...

Chamberlain, Sir Austen

(Encyclopedia)Chamberlain, Sir Austen (Joseph Austen Chamberlain) chāmˈbərlĭn [key], 1863–1937, British statesman; son of Joseph Chamberlain and half-brother of Neville Chamberlain. He entered Parliament as a...

Godwin-Austen, Henry Haversham

(Encyclopedia)Godwin-Austen, Henry Haversham härˈshəm, hăvˈərshəm [key], 1834–1923, English topographer and geologist. An officer in the British army (1851–77), he was assigned to several government surv...

Rassam, Hormuzd

(Encyclopedia)Rassam, Hormuzd hôrmo͝ozdˈ räsämˈ [key], 1826–1910, Turkish archaeologist. He assisted Sir Austen Henry Layard in Nineveh in 1845–47 and 1849–51, studying at Oxford in the years between. W...

Austen, Jane

(Encyclopedia)Austen, Jane ôˈstən [key], 1775–1817, English novelist. The daughter of a clergyman, she spent the first 25 years of her life at “Steventon,” her father's Hampshire vicarage. Here her first n...

Percy, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia)Percy, Sir Henry, 1366–1403, English nobleman, called Hotspur or Henry Hotspur; son of Henry Percy, 1st earl of Northumberland. In 1388 he participated in the famous battle of Otterburn, or Chevy Ch...

Godwin-Austen, Mount

(Encyclopedia)Godwin-Austen, Mount, peak, Kashmir: see K2. ...

Havelock, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia)Havelock, Sir Henry hăvˈlŏk [key], 1795–1857, British general. Entering the army in 1815, he was sent (1823) to India, where he served in the first Burma War (1824–26), the first Afghan War (18...

Bessemer, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia)Bessemer, Sir Henry bĕsˈəmər [key], English engineer and inventor, b. Charleton, Hertfordshire. He made experiments to obtain stronger material for gun manufacture and discovered the basic princip...

Raeburn, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia)Raeburn, Sir Henry rāˈbərn [key], 1756–1823, Scottish portrait painter, b. near Edinburgh. He was apprenticed to a goldsmith at 15 and he showed considerable talent. In 1784 he went to London and...