(Encyclopedia) semiotics or semiology, discipline deriving from the American logician C. S. Peirce and the French linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. It has come to mean generally the study of any…
(Encyclopedia) Cid or Cid CampeadorCidsĭd, Span. thēᵺ kämpāäᵺōrˈ [key] [Span.,=lord conqueror], d. 1099, Spanish soldier and national hero, whose real name was Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar. Under…
(Encyclopedia) Fernández de Córdoba, GonzaloFernández de Córdoba, Gonzalogōnthäˈlō [key]Fernández de Córdoba, Gonzalo fārnänˈdāth dā kōrˈdōbä [key], 1453–1515, Spanish general, called the Great…
(Encyclopedia) BehamBehambāˈhäm [key] or PehamPehampā– [key], name of two German Renaissance artists, brothers, who were both influenced by Dürer and later by Italian art. Hans Sebald Beham, 1500–…
(Encyclopedia) Henry II or Henry of TrastámaraHenry IItrăstəmărˈə [key], 1333?–1379, Spanish king of Castile and León (1369–79), illegitimate son of Alfonso XI. After taking part in several…
(Encyclopedia) Plata, Río de laPlata, Río de larēˈō ᵺā lä pläˈtä [key], estuary, c.170 mi (270 km) long, SE South America, formed by the Paraná and Uruguay rivers. Between Argentina and Uruguay, the…
(Encyclopedia) Naples, kingdom of, former state, occupying the Italian peninsula south of the former Papal States. It comprised roughly the present regions of Campania, Abruzzi, Molise, Basilicata,…
