(Encyclopedia) Robert of Geneva, d. 1394, Genevan churchman, antipope (1378–94; see Schism, Great) with the name Clement VII. He was archbishop of Cambrai (1368) and was created (1371) a cardinal. He…
(Encyclopedia) Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi daPalestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi dajōvänˈnē pyārl&oomacr;ēˈjē päˌlāstrēˈnä [key], c.1525–1594, Italian composer whose family name was Pierluigi; b.…
(Encyclopedia) Vignola, Giacomo daVignola, Giacomo dajäˈkōmō dä vēnyōˈlä [key], 1507–73, one of the foremost late Renaissance architects in Italy. His real name was Giacomo Barozzi or Barocchio.…
(Encyclopedia) Kirkaldy of Grange, Sir WilliamKirkaldy of Grange, Sir Williamkərkôlˈdē [key], d. 1573, Scottish soldier and politician. Associated with his father in the murder of Cardinal Beaton in…
(Encyclopedia) Fouquet or Foucquet, NicolasFouquet or Foucquet, Nicolasnēkôläˈ [key]Fouquet or Foucquet, Nicolas f&oomacr;kāˈ [key], 1615–80, superintendent of finance (1653–61) under King Louis…
(Encyclopedia) Alberoni, GiulioAlberoni, Giulioj&oomacr;ˈlyō älbārōˈnē [key], 1664–1752, Italian statesman in Spanish service, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Appointed (1713)…
(Encyclopedia) Elgar, Sir Edward WilliamElgar, Sir Edward Williamĕlˈgär [key], 1857–1934, English composer. He received his training from his father, who was an organist, music seller, and amateur…
(Encyclopedia) Elizabeth FarneseElizabeth Farnesefärnāˈsā [key], 1692–1766, queen of Spain, second consort of Philip V; niece of Antonio Farnese, duke of Parma. Soon after her marriage (1714),…
(Encyclopedia) Pisa, Council of, 1409, unrecognized council of the Roman Catholic Church. It was summoned to end the Great Schism (see Schism, Great) by members of the colleges of cardinals of the…
