(Encyclopedia) Russo-Turkish Wars. The great eastward expansion of Russia in the 16th and 17th cent., during the decline of the Ottoman Empire, nevertheless left the shores of the Black Sea in the…
(Encyclopedia) Cressy, Hugh PaulinusCressy, Hugh Paulinuskrĕˈsē [key], 1605–74, English Benedictine monk. He was educated at Oxford and converted to Roman Catholicism in Rome in 1646. His…
(Encyclopedia) German Volga Republic, former autonomous republic of the USSR, c.18,000 sq mi (46,600 sq km), along the lower Volga of SW Russia. Its largely German population was descended from the…
(Encyclopedia) Aberdare Aberdare ăbərdârˈ [key], Welsh Aberdâr, town , Rhondda Cynon Taff, S Wales. Originally a processing center for iron and coal, Aberdare has become…
(Encyclopedia) Ferguson, Sir Samuel, 1810–86, Irish poet and antiquary. Ogham Inscriptions in Ireland, Wales, and Scotland (1887) is his best-known work on Irish antiquities. His major poetic works,…
(Encyclopedia) JeanJeanzhäN [key], 1921–2019, grand duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000); son of Charlotte, grand duchess of Luxembourg, and Felix, prince of Bourbon-Parma. He fought with Great Britain's…
(Encyclopedia) HermitageHermitageĕrˌmētäzhˈ [key], museum in St. Petersburg, Russia, one of the world's foremost houses of art, consisting of six buildings along the embankment of the Neva River. Its…
(Encyclopedia) Spada, LionelloSpada, Lionellolyōnĕlˈlō späˈdä [key], 1576–1622, Italian painter, active mainly in Emilia. His signature was an L placed across a sword [Ital. spada=sword]. His work…
(Encyclopedia) Cambrian MountainsCambrian Mountainskămˈbrēən [key], rugged upland plateau occupying most of Wales; Aran Fawddwy (2,970 ft/905 m) is the highest point in the mountains. The area has…
