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sharecropping

(Encyclopedia) sharecropping, an agricultural system in which a landowner allows a tenant to use their land in return for a share of the crop produced…

Otto I, Holy Roman emperor

(Encyclopedia) Otto I or Otto the Great, 912–73, Holy Roman emperor (962–73) and German king (936–73), son and successor of Henry I of Germany. He is often regarded as the founder of the Holy Roman…

Gutenberg, Johann

(Encyclopedia) Gutenberg, JohannGutenberg, Johanng&oomacr;ˈtənbərg, Ger. yōˈhän g&oomacr;ˈtənbĕrk [key], c.1397–1468, German inventor and printer, long credited with the invention of a method…

The Senate

Dates in left column indicate term in office; birth years are given in parentheses after party affiliation. All terms are for six years and expire in January. Senators listed in italics were…

2006 Midterm Elections: The Senate

Dates in left column indicate term in office; birth years are given in parentheses after party affiliation. All terms are for six years and expire in January. Senators listed in italics were…

Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of

(Encyclopedia) Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of, feudal state created by leaders of the First Crusade (see Crusades) in the areas they had wrested from the Muslims in Syria and Palestine. In 1099, after…

Naples, kingdom of

(Encyclopedia) Naples, kingdom of, former state, occupying the Italian peninsula south of the former Papal States. It comprised roughly the present regions of Campania, Abruzzi, Molise, Basilicata,…

Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor and German king

(Encyclopedia) Frederick II, 1194–1250, Holy Roman emperor (1220–50) and German king (1212–20), king of Sicily (1197–1250), and king of Jerusalem (1229–50), son of Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI and of…

Crusades

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Crusader States (c.1140) CrusadesCrusadeskr&oomacr;ˈsādz [key], series of wars undertaken by European Christians between the 11th and 14th cent. to recover the Holy Land…