(Encyclopedia) John of SalisburyJohn of Salisburysôlzˈbərē [key], c.1110–1180, English scholastic philosopher, b. Salisbury. He studied in France at Paris and Chartres under Abelard and other famous…
(Encyclopedia) cost of living, amount of money needed to buy the goods and services necessary to maintain a specified standard of living. The cost of living is closely tied to rates of inflation and…
(Encyclopedia) Nantes, Edict of, 1598, decree promulgated at Nantes by King Henry IV to restore internal peace in France, which had been torn by the Wars of Religion; the edict defined the rights of…
(Encyclopedia) balance of payments, balance between all payments out of a country within a given period and all payments into the country, an outgrowth of the mercantilist theory of balance of trade…
(Encyclopedia) Eugene of Savoy, 1663–1736, prince of the house of Savoy, general in the service of the Holy Roman Empire. Born in Paris, he was the son of Eugène, comte de Soissons of the line of…
(Encyclopedia) division of labor, in economics, the specialization of the functions and roles involved in production. Division of labor is closely tied with the standardization of production, the…
(Encyclopedia) Montpellier, University of, at Montpellier, France; founded 1220 by Cardinal Conrad and confirmed by papal bull. The university was suppressed during the French Revolution and replaced…
(Encyclopedia) Riga, Treaty of, either of two peace treaties signed at Riga, Latvia. By the Treaty of Riga of 1920, between the USSR and Latvia, the USSR recognized Latvian independence. The Treaty…
(Encyclopedia) Albert of Brandenburg, 1490–1568, grand master of the Teutonic Knights (1511–25), first duke of Prussia (1525–68); grandson of Elector Albert Achilles of Brandenburg. In 1525 he became…
(Encyclopedia) Dionysius of HalicarnassusDionysius of Halicarnassusdīənĭshˈēəs, [key]Dionysius of Halicarnassushălˌĭkärnăsˈəs [key], fl. late 1st cent. b.c., Greek rhetorician and historian. He…
