(Encyclopedia) Punic Wars, three distinct conflicts between Carthage and Rome. When they began, Rome had nearly completed the conquest of Italy, while Carthage controlled NW Africa and the islands…
(Encyclopedia) corner, securing of all or nearly all the supply of any commodity or stock so that its buyers are forced to pay exorbitant prices. Corners may be planned deliberately or may be brought…
(Encyclopedia) Starr, Belle, 1848?–89, American outlaw, b. near Carthage, Mo. Her original name was Myra Belle (or Maybelle) Shirley. Her family members were Confederate sympathizers, and her father…
(Encyclopedia) Leo IV, Saint, d. 855, pope (847–55), a Roman; successor of Sergius II. He had seen the Saracen attack on Rome (846), and to prevent its recurrence he fortified the city and its…
(Encyclopedia) Appii forumAppii forumăpˈēī [key] [Lat.,=Appius' market], important stop on the Appian Way, c.40 mi (64 km) E of Rome. It was at the head of a canal through the Pontine Marshes. When…
TV news reporter Farnsworth graduated from Middlebury College in 1965 and then earned an MA in history from Stanford University. She has written articles for Foreign Policy, World Policy Journal,…
(Encyclopedia) Appian WayAppian Wayăpˈēən [key], Lat. Via Appia, most famous of the Roman roads, built (312 b.c.) under Appius Claudius Caecus. It connected Rome with Capua and was later extended to…
(Encyclopedia) Perino del VagaPerino del Vagapārēˈnō dĕl väˈgä [key] or Pierino del VagaPierino del Vagapyārēˈnō [key], 1500–1547, Italian mannerist painter, whose real name was Perino or Pierino…
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