(Encyclopedia) Hundred Years War, 1337–1453, conflict between England and France.
The Hundred Years War inflicted untold misery on France. Farmlands were laid waste, the population was decimated by…
(Encyclopedia) Louis VI (Louis the Fat), 1081–1137, king of France (1108–37). He succeeded his father, Philip I, with whom he was associated in government from c.1100. He firmly established his…
(Encyclopedia) Charles IV, 1748–1819, king of Spain (1788–1808), second son of Charles III, whom he succeeded in place of his imbecile older brother. Unlike his father, Charles IV was an ineffective…
(Encyclopedia) Abbey, Edwin Austin, 1852–1911, American illustrator and painter, b. Philadelphia, studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Employed by Harper & Brothers, he was sent…
(Encyclopedia) Stafford, Henry, 2d duke of Buckingham, 1454?–1483, English nobleman. He was the grandson of Humphrey Stafford, the 1st duke, whom he succeeded in 1460. He passed the death sentence on…
(Encyclopedia) Loubet, Émile FrançoisLoubet, Émile Françoisāmēlˈ fräNswäˈ l&oomacr;bāˈ [key], 1838–1929, president of the French republic (1899–1906). As a member of the chamber of deputies, he…
(Encyclopedia) Gaveston, PiersGaveston, Pierspērz găvˈəstən [key], d. 1312, favorite of Edward II of England. Son of a Gascon knight at the court of Edward I, he was a boyhood playmate of the future…
(Encyclopedia) Detaille, Jean Baptiste ÉdouardDetaille, Jean Baptiste ÉdouardzhäN bäptēstˈ ādwärˈ dətäyˈ [key], 1848–1912, French painter. He studied under J. L. E. Meissonier and served in the…
(Encyclopedia) Connaught, Arthur William Patrick Albert, duke ofConnaught, Arthur William Patrick Albert, duke ofkŏnˈôt [key], 1850–1942, English prince; son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert,…
(Encyclopedia) Fildes, Sir LukeFildes, Sir Lukefīldz [key], 1844–1927, English genre and portrait painter, b. Liverpool. He made drawings for the Graphic and other periodicals and illustrated Dickens…
