(Encyclopedia) Nicephorus I, d. 811, Byzantine emperor (802–11). He was minister of finance under Empress Irene, whom he deposed and succeeded. He improved the treasury, revised taxation, and…
(Encyclopedia) Ramsey of Canterbury, Arthur Michael Ramsey, Baron, 1904–88, archbishop of Canterbury (1961–74), b. Cambridge, England. He was educated at Repton School; Magdalene College, Cambridge;…
Find detailed information about each Executive Department, including the department's secretary, role in government, contact information, and history of the department…
The first five editions of The Columbia Encyclopedia were published in 1935, 1950, 1963, 1975, and 1993. All editions owe a debt of gratitude to Clark Fisher Ansley, the editor of the first edition,…
2002 Nobel Prize Winners Jimmy Carter, former president of the United States Peace: Jimmy Carter, former U.S. president and , were cited "for their work for a better…
(Encyclopedia) Isaac I (Isaac Comnenus)Isaac Iīˈzək kŏmnēˈnəs [key], c.1005–1061, Byzantine emperor (1057–59), first of the Comnenus dynasty. Proclaimed emperor by the army, he deposed Michael VI,…
(Encyclopedia) Obrenović or ObrenovichObrenovichboth: ōbrĕˈnəvĭch [key], Serbian dynasty. Its founder, Miloš Obrenović (see Miloš), was the first modern Serbian ruler. The murder (1817) of Karageorge…
(Encyclopedia) Leo IX, Saint, 1002–54, pope (1049–54), a German named Bruno of Toul, b. Alsace; successor of Damasus II. A relative of Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, he was educated at Toul and was…
(Encyclopedia) Neutra, Richard JosephNeutra, Richard Josephnoiˈtrə, n&oomacr;ˈtrə [key], 1892–1970, American architect, born and educated in Vienna. Although Neutra worked for a time with Eric…
(Encyclopedia) Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane,1942–, German biologist and geneticist, Ph.D. Univ. of Tübingen, 1973. Since 1985 she has been director of the genetics division of the Max Planck…
