(Encyclopedia) ChouansChouanssh&oomacr;ˈənz, Fr. shwäN [key] [Norman Fr.,=owls], peasants of W France who rose against the French Revolutionary government in 1793. One of their first leaders was…
(Encyclopedia) Favre, JulesFavre, Juleszhül fäˈvrə [key], 1809–80, French statesman. At first a partisan of the July Monarchy, he joined the republican opposition to King Louis Philippe. After the…
(Encyclopedia) Yorck von Wartenburg or York von Wartenburg, Ludwig, GrafYorck von Wartenburg or York von Wartenburg, Ludwig, Grafboth: l&oobreve;tˈvĭkh gräf yôrk fən värˈtənb&oobreve;rkh [key…
(Encyclopedia) Volney, Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte deVolney, Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte dekôNstäNtăNˈ fräNswäˈ də shäsböfˈ kôNt də vôlnāˈ [key], 1757–1820, French scholar.…
(Encyclopedia) Canova, AntonioCanova, Antonioäntôˈnyō känôˈvä [key], 1757–1822, Italian sculptor. He was a leading exponent of the neoclassical school whose influence on the art of his time was…
(Encyclopedia) Alexander I, 1777–1825, czar of Russia (1801–25), son of Paul I (in whose murder he may have taken an indirect part). In the first years of his reign the liberalism of his Swiss tutor…
(Encyclopedia) LaekenLaekenläˈkən [key], part of Brussels, central Belgium. The palace built there (early 19th cent.) by Napoleon I is used as a Belgian royal residence.
(Encyclopedia) Walewska, Countess MariaWalewska, Countess Mariamärēˈä välĕfˈskä [key], 1789–1817, Polish noblewoman. She became (1807) the mistress of Emperor Napoleon I and bore (1810) him a son,…
(Encyclopedia) Cockburn, Sir George, 1772–1853, British admiral. He served in the Mediterranean, and in the War of 1812 he participated in the Chesapeake Bay expeditions and in the burning of…
