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George Knox SHIEL, Congress, OR (1825-1893)

SHIEL, George Knox, a Representative from Oregon; born in Ireland in 1825; immigrated to the United States and settled in New Orleans, La.; moved to Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar…

Jacob SHOWER, Congress, MD (1803-1879)

SHOWER, Jacob, a Representative from Maryland; born in Manchester, Baltimore County, Md., February 22, 1803; was a drummer boy in the War of 1812; attended private schools at Emmitsburg, Md.,…

CLAIBORNE, Thomas, Congress, TN (1780-1856)

CLAIBORNE, Thomas, (son of Thomas Claiborne [1749-1812] and brother of John Claiborne), a Representative from Tennessee; born near Petersburg, Brunswick County, Va., May 17, 1780; attended the…

Orrin HOLT, Congress, CT (1792-1855)

HOLT, Orrin, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Willington, Conn., March 13, 1792; received a limited schooling; engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the State house of…

Edwin Hickman EWING, Congress, TN (1809-1902)

EWING, Edwin Hickman, (brother of Andrew Ewing), a Representative from Tennessee; born in Nashville, Tenn., December 2, 1809; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the…

Confederate Flag Controversy

by Borgna Brunner The "Southern Cross" The Confederate battle flag, called the "Southern Cross" or the cross of St. Andrew, has been described variously as a proud emblem of…

Fundamental Orders

(Encyclopedia) Fundamental Orders, in U.S. history, the basic law of the Connecticut colony from 1639 to 1662, formally adopted (Jan. 14, 1639) by representatives from the towns of Hartford,…

zoning

(Encyclopedia) zoning, legislative regulations by which a municipal government seeks to control the use of buildings and land within the municipality. It has become, in the United States, a…

Cyrus BEERS, Congress, NY (1786-1850)

BEERS, Cyrus, a Representative from New York; born in Newtown, Conn., June 21, 1786; moved with his parents to New York City; obtained a limited education in the public schools; engaged in…