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The Columbia Encyclopedia began its existence in the 1920s when Clarke Fisher Ansley and Columbia University Press recognized the need for a first aid for those who read. They envisioned and created…
Sigmund Freud(1856–1939)Leo Baeck Inst./Archive PhotosHenri Matisse (1869–1954)The Library of Congress Picture CollectionW.E.B. Du Bois(1868–1963)The Library of Congress Picture…
(Encyclopedia) Newcastle upon Tyne, city and metropolitan borough (1991 pop. 199,064), NE England, on the Tyne River. The city is an important shipping and trade center. The famous coal-shipping…
(Encyclopedia) LorenzettiLorenzettilōrān-tsĕtˈtē [key], two brothers who were major Sienese painters. Pietro Lorenzetti, c.1280–c.1348, was first influenced by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giovanni…
(Encyclopedia) LeicesterLeicesterlĕsˈtər [key], city and unitary authority (1991 pop. 324,394), central England. The city is connected by canals with the Trent River and London, and it is also a…
(Encyclopedia) Addams, Jane, 1860–1935, American social worker, b. Cedarville, Ill., grad. Rockford College, 1881. In 1889, with Ellen Gates Starr, she founded Hull House in Chicago, one of the first…
(Encyclopedia) Valla, LorenzoValla, Lorenzolōrānˈtsō välˈlä [key], c.1407–57, Italian humanist. Valla knew Greek and Latin well and was chosen by Pope Nicholas V to translate Herodotus and Thucydides…
(Encyclopedia) HincmarHincmarhĭngkˈmär [key], 806–82, Frankish canonist and theologian, archbishop of Reims (from 845). He was a supporter of Carolingian Emperor Louis I and a counselor of his son…
(Encyclopedia) Burgess, John William, 1844–1931, American educator and political scientist, b. Tennessee. He served in the Union army in the Civil War and after the war graduated from Amherst (1867…
