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Caupolicán

(Encyclopedia) CaupolicánCaupolicánkouˌpōlĭkänˈ [key], d. 1558, leader of the Araucanians who fiercely resisted the Spanish conquest of Chile. He attempted to carry on the reconquest begun by Lautaro…

Mascarene Islands

(Encyclopedia) CEE Mascarene IslandsMascarene Islandsmăskərēnˈ [key], in the Indian Ocean, E of Madagascar. They include Mauritius, Réunion, and Rodriguez. Apparently known to the Arabs, they were…

Díaz del Castillo, Bernal

(Encyclopedia) Díaz del Castillo, BernalDíaz del Castillo, Bernalbārnälˈ dēˈäth dĕl kästēˈlyō [key], c.1492–1581, Spanish conquistador and chronicler. He had served in the New World under various…

Espíritu Santo

(Encyclopedia) Espíritu SantoEspíritu Santoĕspēˈrēt&oomacr; sänˈtō [key] or Santo, volcanic island, 1,485 sq mi (3,846 sq km), South Pacific, largest and westernmost island of Vanuatu (formerly…

Fort Caroline

(Encyclopedia) Fort Caroline, settlement near the mouth of the St. Johns River, NE Fla.; est. 1564 by French Huguenots under René de Laudonnière. A Spanish force led by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés…

Hernández Colón, Rafael

(Encyclopedia) Hernández Colón, RafaelHernández Colón, Rafaelräfäĕlˈ ĕrnänˈdĕs kōlōnˈ [key], 1936–2019, governor of Puerto Rico (1973–77, 1985–93). An honors graduate of Johns Hopkins (1956) and the…

Berruguete, Alonso

(Encyclopedia) Berruguete, AlonsoBerruguete, Alonsoälōnˈsō bĕr–r&oomacr;gāˈtā [key], c.1480–1561, Spanish mannerist sculptor. Probably the first in Spain to break away from the High Renaissance…

Biobío

(Encyclopedia) BiobíoBiobíobēōbēˈō [key] or Bío-BíoBío-Bíobēˈō– [key], river, c.240 mi (390 km) long, rising in the Andes of central Chile and flowing NW to the Pacific Ocean near Concepción. It…

Long Beach, Calif.

Mayor: Robert Garcia (to June 2018) City Manager: Patrick H. West 2010 census population (rank): 462,257…