(Encyclopedia) Raymond VI, 1156–1222, count of Toulouse (c.1194–1222). His tolerant attitude toward the Albigenses resulted in his repeated excommunication, although he temporarily made peace with…
(Encyclopedia) Montfort, Simon deMontfort, Simon demŏntˈfərt, Fr. môNfôrˈ [key], c.1160–1218, count of Montfort and earl of Leicester. A participant in the Fourth Crusade (1202–4), he did not join in…
(Encyclopedia) Mazepa, IvanMazepa, Ivanēvänˈ məzyāˈpə [key], c.1640–1709, Cossack hetman [leader] in the Russian Ukraine. He was made hetman (1687) on the insistence of Prince Gallitzin, adviser to…
(Encyclopedia) Sicilian Vespers, in Italian history, name given the rebellion staged by the Sicilians against the Angevin French domination of Sicily; the rebellion broke out at Palermo at the start…
(Encyclopedia) Bering, Vitus JonassenBering, Vitus Jonassenvēˈt&oobreve;s yōˈnäsən bārˈĭng [key], 1681–1741, Danish explorer in Russian employ. In 1725 he was selected by Peter I to explore far…
(Encyclopedia) Barrie, J. M. (Sir James Matthew Barrie)Barrie, J. M.bârˈē [key], 1860–1937, Scottish playwright and novelist. He is best remembered for his play Peter Pan (1904), a supernatural…
