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Robinson, Sir Robert

(Encyclopedia) Robinson, Sir Robert, 1886–1975, British chemist, D.Sc. Univ. of Manchester, 1910. Robinson taught at the universities of Sydney (1912–15), Liverpool (1915–20), St. Andrews (1921–22),…

Ovshinsky, Stanford Robert

(Encyclopedia) Ovshinsky, Stanford Robert, 1922–2012, American inventor and scientist, b. Akron, Ohio. Self-taught, he developed a new type of lathe in the 1940s, the first of many innovations and…

Woods, Robert Archey

(Encyclopedia) Woods, Robert Archey, 1865–1925, American social worker, b. Pittsburgh, grad. Amherst, 1886. After six months at Toynbee Hall, London, he helped found (1891) the South End House,…

Woodward, Robert Burns

(Encyclopedia) Woodward, Robert Burns, 1917–80, American chemist and educator, b. Boston, grad. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (S.B., 1936; Ph.D., 1937). He taught at Harvard from 1938,…

Milken, Michael Robert

(Encyclopedia) Milken, Michael RobertMilken, Michael Robertmĭlˈkən [key], 1946–, American financial executive, b. Van Nuys, Calif. Nicknamed the “junk bond king,” he was an executive at Drexel…

Malthus, Thomas Robert

(Encyclopedia) Malthus, Thomas RobertMalthus, Thomas Robertmălˈthəs [key], 1766–1834, English economist, sociologist, and pioneer in modern population study. A graduate of Cambridge, he was a…

Ballard, Robert Duane

(Encyclopedia) Ballard, Robert DuaneBallard, Robert Duanebălˈərd [key], 1942–, American marine geologist, b. Wichita, Kans.; Ph.D. Univ. of Rhode Island, 1974. From 1969 to 1997 he was associated…

Reich, Robert Bernard

(Encyclopedia) Reich, Robert BernardReich, Robert Bernardrīsh, rīk [key], 1946–, American political economist and government official, b. Scranton, Pa. He attended Dartmouth, Oxford (where he and…

Zoellick, Robert Bruce

(Encyclopedia) Zoellick, Robert BruceZoellick, Robert Brucezĕlˈlĭk [key], 1953–, U.S. government official and finance executive, b. Evergreen Park, Ill., grad. Swarthmore College (B.A., 1975),…

Robert II, king of Scotland

(Encyclopedia) Robert II, 1316–90, king of Scotland (1371–90), nephew and successor of David II. He was the first sovereign of the house of Stuart, or Stewart (see Stuart, family), which eventually…