(Encyclopedia) Durham, John George Lambton, 1st earl ofDurham, John George Lambton, 1st earl ofdûrˈ əm [key], 1792–1840, British statesman. A stormy liberal career in Parliament (1813–32), which…
(Encyclopedia) Clifford of Chudleigh, Thomas Clifford, 1st BaronClifford of Chudleigh, Thomas Clifford, 1st Baronchŭdˈlē [key], 1630–73, English statesman. Member (1667–73) of the Cabal at Charles II…
(Encyclopedia) Clarendon, Edward Hyde, 1st earl ofClarendon, Edward Hyde, 1st earl ofklârˈəndən [key], 1609–74, English statesman and historian. Elected (1640) to the Short and Long parliaments, he…
(Encyclopedia) Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 1st earl of, c.1500–1550, lord chancellor of England. Appointed a clerk of the signet in 1530, he rose in the favor of Thomas Cromwell and Henry VIII,…
(Encyclopedia) Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke ofMarlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke ofmärlˈbərə, môlˈ– [key], 1650–1722, English general and statesman, one of the greatest military…
(Encyclopedia) Salisbury, Robert Cecil, 1st earl of, 1563–1612, English statesman; son of William Cecil, Baron Burghley. He entered Parliament and came gradually to rank second only to his father as…
(Encyclopedia) Hawke of Towton, Edward Hawke, 1st BaronHawke of Towton, Edward Hawke, 1st Barontouˈtən [key], 1705–81, British admiral. He entered the navy in 1720 and first saw fighting as commander…
(Encyclopedia) Suffolk, Thomas Howard, 1st earl of, 1561–1626, English nobleman; son of the 4th duke of Norfolk. He was attainted at the time of his father's execution (1572), but his rights were…
(Encyclopedia) Bristol, John Digby, 1st earl of, 1580–1653, English diplomat. He spent most of the years 1611–24 at the Spanish court, where as ambassador he conducted the prolonged negotiations for…
(Encyclopedia) Ripon, Frederick John Robinson, 1st earl ofRipon, Frederick John Robinson, 1st earl ofrĭpˈən [key], 1782–1859, British statesman, better known as Viscount Goderich. Entering Parliament…
