(Encyclopedia) Constance, Council of, 1414–18, council of the Roman Catholic Church, some of its sessions being reckoned as the 16th ecumenical council. It was summoned to end the Great Schism (see…
(Encyclopedia) Biafra, Republic of, secessionist state of W Africa, in existence from May 30, 1967, to Jan. 15, 1970. At the outset Biafra comprised, roughly, the East-Central, South-Eastern, and…
(Encyclopedia) Hubertusburg, Peace ofHubertusburg, Peace ofh&oomacr;bĕrˈt&oobreve;sb&oobreve;rkh [key], 1763, treaty signed on Feb. 15 between Austria and Prussia at the end of the Seven…
(Encyclopedia) Marsilius of PaduaMarsilius of Paduamärsĭlˈēəs, păˈdy&oomacr;ə [key], d. c.1342, Italian political philosopher. He is satirically called Marsiglio. Little is known with certainty…
(Encyclopedia) Portsmouth, Treaty of, 1905, treaty ending the Russo-Japanese War. It was signed at the Portsmouth Naval Base, New Hampshire, on Sept. 5, 1905. Negotiations leading up to the treaty…
(Encyclopedia) Philip of SwabiaPhilip of Swabiaswāˈbēə [key], 1176?–1208, German king (1198–1208), son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. After the death (1197) of his brother, German King and Holy…
(Encyclopedia) Anne of Austria, 1601–66, queen of France, daughter of King Philip III of Spain. Married to the French king Louis XIII (1615), she was neglected by her husband and sought the society…
(Encyclopedia) Fools, Feast of, burlesque religious festival of the Middle Ages. It occurred during the Christmas and New Year's revels, on or near New Year's Day. In many places a Lord of Misrule…
(Encyclopedia) Bernard of ClunyBernard of Clunykl&oomacr;ˈnē [key] or Bernard of MorlaixBernard of Morlaixmôrlāˈ [key], fl. 1150, French Cluniac monk, of English parentage. He wrote De contemptu…
(Encyclopedia) Ghent, Treaty of, 1814, agreement ending the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. It was signed at Ghent, Belgium, on Dec. 24, 1814, and ratified by the U.S. Senate…
