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Scotland, Church of

(Encyclopedia) Scotland, Church of, the established national church of Scotland, Presbyterian (see Presbyterianism) in form. The first Protestants in Scotland, led by Patrick Hamilton, were…

Erastus, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Erastus, Thomas, 1524–83, Swiss Protestant theologian, a physician, whose original name was Lüber, Lieber, or Liebler. As a follower of Huldreich Zwingli, he supported the Swiss leader…

Scotland, Free Church of

(Encyclopedia) Scotland, Free Church of, the secessionist Presbyterian church established as a result of the great disruption of 1843 in the Church of Scotland. The cause of the separation lay in the…

Confessing Church

(Encyclopedia) Confessing Church, Ger. Bekennende Kirche, German Protestant movement. It was founded in 1933 by Martin Niemoeller as the Pastors' Emergency League and was systematically opposed to…

Episcopal Church

(Encyclopedia) Episcopal Church, Anglican church of the United States. Its separate existence as an American ecclesiastical body with its own episcopate began in 1789. During the American…

Church Slavonic

(Encyclopedia) Church Slavonic, language belonging to the South Slavic group of the Slavic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Slavic languages). Although it is still the…

Ralph Edwin CHURCH, Congress, IL (1883-1950)

CHURCH, Ralph Edwin, (husband of Marguerite Stitt Church), a Representative from Illinois; born on a farm near Catlin, Vermilion County, Ill., on May 5, 1883; attended the public schools; was…

Fleet, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Fleet, Thomas, 1685–1758, American colonial printer, b. Shropshire, England. He arrived in Boston c.1712, a refugee because of his opposition to the High Church, and became a prominent…

Church, Frederick Edwin

(Encyclopedia) Church, Frederick Edwin, 1826–1900, American landscape painter of the Hudson River school, b. Hartford, Conn., studied with Thomas Cole at Catskill, N.Y. He traveled and painted in…