(Encyclopedia) JuraJurazhüräˈ [key], department (1990 pop. 249,600), E France, in Franche-Comté, bordering on Switzerland. Lons-le-Saunier is the capital. The area is a major producer of Gruyère…
(Encyclopedia) Castro y Bellvís, Guillén deCastro y Bellvís, Guillén degēlyānˈ dā käsˈtrō ē bĕlvēsˈ [key], 1569–1631, Spanish dramatist, best known of the Valencian group of playwrights of the Golden…
(Encyclopedia) Chabrier, Alexis EmmanuelChabrier, Alexis Emmanuelälĕksēˈ ĕmänüĕlˈ shäbrēāˈ [key], 1841–94, French composer. His best-known works are an orchestral rhapsody, España (1883); an opera,…
(Encyclopedia) Constant, Benjamin (Henri Benjamin Constant de Rebecque)Constant, BenjaminäNrēˈ bäNzhämăNˈ kôNstäNˈ də rəbĕkˈ [key], 1767–1830, French-Swiss political writer and novelist, b. Lausanne…
(Encyclopedia) Machaut, Guillaume deMachaut, Guillaume degēyōmˈ də mäshōˈ [key], c.1300–1377, French poet and composer. Variants of his name include Machault, de Machaudio, and de Mascaudio. He…
(Encyclopedia) Péguy, CharlesPéguy, Charlesshärl pāgēˈ [key], 1873–1914, French poet and writer. Of a poor, working family, he won scholarships and made a brilliant record as a student. He left the…
(Encyclopedia) Godard, Jean-LucGodard, Jean-LuczhäN-lük gôdärˈ [key], 1930–, French film director and scriptwriter, b. Paris. He wrote criticism for a number of Parisian cinema journals in the early…
(Encyclopedia) naturalism, in literature, an approach that proceeds from an analysis of reality in terms of natural forces, e.g., heredity, environment, physical drives. The chief literary theorist…
(Encyclopedia) Gérard, Jean Ignace IsidoreGérard, Jean Ignace IsidorezhäN ēnyäsˈ ēzēdôrˈ zhārärˈ [key], 1803–47, French caricaturist, illustrator, and lithographer, better known as Grandville. He is…
(Encyclopedia) MontreuxMontreuxmôNtröˈ [key], resort area (1990 pop. 22,917), on the northeast shore of the Lake of Geneva, Vaud canton, W Switzerland. It is composed of the communes of Le Châtelard…
