(Encyclopedia) John of Austria, 1545–78, Spanish admiral and general; illegitimate son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. He was acknowledged in his father's will and was recognized by his half-brother…
(Encyclopedia) specific heat, ratio of the heat capacity of a substance to the heat capacity of a reference substance, usually water. Heat capacity is the amount of heat needed to change the…
(Encyclopedia) Carlstadt,&sp;KarlstadtKarlstadtboth: kärlˈshtät [key], or KarolostadtCarlstadt,käˈrôlōshtätˌ [key], c.1480–1541, German Protestant reformer, whose original name was Andreas…
(Encyclopedia) Bodleian LibraryBodleian Librarybŏdˈlēən, bŏdlēˈən [key], at the Univ. of Oxford. The original library, destroyed in the reign of Edward VI, was replaced in 1602, chiefly through the…
(Encyclopedia) Boehme or Böhme, JakobBoehme or Böhme, Jakobbēˈmə, Ger. yäˈkôp böˈmə [key], 1575–1624, German religious mystic, a cobbler of Görlitz, in England also called Behmen. He was a student of…
(Encyclopedia) mutation, in biology, a sudden, random change in a gene, or unit of hereditary material, that can alter an inheritable characteristic. Most mutations are not beneficial, since any…
(Encyclopedia) magic, in religion and superstition, the practice of manipulating and controlling the course of nature by preternatural means. Magic is based upon the belief that the universe is…
(Encyclopedia) ultraviolet radiation, invisible electromagnetic radiation between visible violet light and X rays; it ranges in wavelength from about 400 to 4 nanometers and in frequency from about…
(Encyclopedia) induction, in electricity and magnetism, common name for three distinct phenomena. Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor as a…
