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Cornelius, Peter von

(Encyclopedia) Cornelius, Peter von, 1783–1867, German painter. He studied at Düsseldorf and in Rome, where he joined the German Nazarene group and collaborated with other members in the decoration…

Gluck, Christoph Willibald von

(Encyclopedia) Gluck, Christoph Willibald vonGluck, Christoph Willibald vonkrĭsˈtôf vĭlˈēbält fən gl&oobreve;k [key], 1714–87, German-born operatic composer. Gluck revolutionized opera by…

Hapsburg, Otto von

(Encyclopedia) Hapsburg, Otto von, 1912–2011, Austrian archduke and former pretender to the Austro-Hungarian throne, son of Emperor Charles I and Empress Zita. After World War II began, he went to…

Brühl, Heinrich, Graf von

(Encyclopedia) Brühl, Heinrich, Graf vonBrühl, Heinrich, Graf vonhīnˈrĭkh gräfˈ fən brül [key], 1700–1763, Saxon statesman. He was adviser to Augustus II, king of Poland and elector of Saxony, and…

Humboldt, Alexander, Freiherr von

(Encyclopedia) Humboldt, Alexander, Freiherr vonHumboldt, Alexander, Freiherr vonhŭmˈbōlt, Ger. älĕksänˈdər frīˈhĕr fən h&oobreve;mˈbôlt [key], 1769–1859, German naturalist, inventor, explorer,…

Görtz, Georg Heinrich von

(Encyclopedia) Görtz, Georg Heinrich vonGörtz, Georg Heinrich vongāˈôrk hīnˈrĭkh fən görts [key], 1668–1719, Swedish diplomat and financial expert, a German. While in the service of Frederick V, duke…

Taaffe, Eduard, Graf von

(Encyclopedia) Taaffe, Eduard, Graf vonTaaffe, Eduard, Graf vonāˈd&oomacr;ärt gräf fən täˈfə [key], 1833–95, Austrian premier (1868–70, 1879–93), of Irish descent. A childhood friend of Emperor…

Seydlitz, Friedrich Wilhelm, Freiherr von

(Encyclopedia) Seydlitz, Friedrich Wilhelm, Freiherr vonSeydlitz, Friedrich Wilhelm, Freiherr vonfrēˈdrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm frīˈhĕr fən zīdˈlĭts [key], 1721–73, Prussian general under Frederick II. He helped…

Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von

(Encyclopedia) Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz vonBiber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz vonhīnˈrĭkh ĭgˈnäts fränts fən bēˈbər [key], 1644–1704, Austrian musician. Biber was one of the first notable Central…

Gneisenau, August, Graf Neithardt von

(Encyclopedia) Gneisenau, August, Graf Neithardt vonGneisenau, August, Graf Neithardt vonouˈg&oobreve;st gräf nītˈhärt fən gənīˈzənou [key], 1760–1831, Prussian field marshal. In the Napoleonic…