(Encyclopedia) Lavigerie, Charles Martial AllemandLavigerie, Charles Martial Allemandshärl märsēälˈ älmäNˈ lävēzhərēˈ [key], 1825–92, French churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, b. near…
(Encyclopedia) Ashura, holy day in Islam, the 10th day of the month of Muharram. It commemorates the day Noah left the ark and the day Moses was saved by God from the Egyptians, and is a voluntary…
(Encyclopedia) Abu MuslimAbu Muslimäˈb&oomacr; m&oobreve;sˈlĭm [key], c.728–755, Persian leader of the Abbasid revolution. By political and religious agitation he raised (747) the black…
(Encyclopedia) KuraishKuraishk&oomacr;rīshˈ [key], ancient Bedouin tribe near Mecca to which Muhammad belonged. At one time camel drivers and caravan guides, they became, after acquiring custody…
(Encyclopedia) Taylor, Isaac, 1829–1901, English clergyman, antiquarian, and author, chiefly noted for researches in philology. In 1885, Taylor became canon of York. His inclination toward…
(Encyclopedia) Ten Commandments or Decalogue [Gr.,=ten words], in the Bible, the summary of divine law given by God to Moses on Mt. Sinai. They have a paramount place in the ethical systems of…
(Encyclopedia) AbbasAbbasäbäsˈ, ăbäsˈ, ăbˈəs [key], d. 653, uncle of Muhammad the Prophet and of Ali the caliph. A wealthy merchant of Mecca, he was at first opposed to the religious movement…
(Encyclopedia) Ibn Taymiyya, Taqiyy ad-Din AhmadIbn Taymiyya, Taqiyy ad-Din Ahmadĭbn tīmēˈyə [key], 1263–1328, Muslim theologian and jurist. He lived in Damascus after the collapse of the central…
(Encyclopedia) Ibn TumartIbn Tumartĭˈbən t&oomacr;märtˈ [key], c.1080–1130, Berber Muslim religious leader, founder of the Almohads. He went to the East in his youth and returned convinced that…
(Encyclopedia) Stanhope, Lady Hester Lucy, 1776–1839, English traveler. Leaving England in 1810, she traveled in the Levant, adopting Eastern male dress and a religion that was a composite of…
