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When did the dinosaurs first appear on Earth?

The oldest dinosaur types are known from rocks in Argentina and Brazil and are about 230 million years old. The most primitive of these types, Eoraptor, was a small meat-eating dinosaur. Because…

Advanced-Level Science Projects: Earth Science

Earth ScienceAdvanced-Level Science ProjectsEarth ScienceHow Much Oxygen Is in the Air?Which Is More Acidic, Snow or Rain? How Can Different Polymers Be Identified? It seems at times that we…

earth, in geology and astronomy

(Encyclopedia) CE5 A. Cross section of the earth, showing its shells B. Detailed cross section of the crust and upper mantle: The lithosphere consists of the hard rock in the crust and upper…

wave, in the earth sciences

(Encyclopedia) CE5 A. Diagram of wave: Wave travels one wavelength during one period B. Diagram of wave: Phase relationships wave, in oceanography, an oscillating movement up and down, of a body…

Perils of Pollution

Global Warming Many scientists believe human-caused pollution is making the world a warmer place, a process called global warming. Scientists also think…

Major Biomes of the World

Have you visited any biomes lately? A biome is a large ecosystem where plants, animals, insects, and people live in a certain type of climate. If you were in northern Alaska, you would be in a…

User's Guide to Environmental Language

acid rain: Rain contaminated with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. These gases come from fuels being burned at high temperatures and from car exhausts. When acid rain falls, it…

Environmental Organizations

There are many things you can do to help save the environment. You can begin by reading the books and pamphlets in your school or public library. Below is a list of some of the most active…

What Is the Environment?

The environment is something you are very familiar with. It's everything that makes up our surroundings and affects our ability to live on the earth—the air we breathe, the water that covers most…