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Baybars I

(Encyclopedia)Baybars I bīˈbärs [key], 1223–77, Mamluk sultan (1260–77) of Egypt and Syria. Once a Turkish slave, Baybars became a commander of the Ayyubid and then Mamluk armies. In 1260 he led Mamluk troop...

Aqmola

(Encyclopedia)Aqmola, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Astana

(Encyclopedia)Astana, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Tselinograd

(Encyclopedia)Tselinograd, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud

(Encyclopedia)Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud ĭˈbən abdäl äzēzˈ ĭˈbən säo͞odˈ fīˈsäl [key], 1905–75, king of Saudi Arabia (1964–75), son of Ibn Saud, brother of Saud. Faisal led several military ...

Muhammad Ali, pasha of Egypt

(Encyclopedia)Muhammad Ali, 1769?–1849, pasha of Egypt after 1805. He was a common soldier who rose to leadership by his military skill and political acumen. In 1799 he commanded a Turkish army in an unsuccessful...

Maghreb

(Encyclopedia)Maghreb or Magrib both: mäˈgrĭb [key] [Arab.,=the West], Arabic term for NW Africa. It is generally applied to all of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia but actually pertains only to the area of the thr...

Akmola

(Encyclopedia)Akmola and Akmolinsk, Kazakhstan: see Nur-Sultan. ...

Brunei

(Encyclopedia)Brunei därˌəsəlämˈ [key], officially State of Brunei Darussalam, sultanate (2020 est. pop. ...

French North Africa

(Encyclopedia)French North Africa, originally general name for Algeria, former French Morocco, and Tunisia. ...