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Muhammad of Ghor

(Encyclopedia)Muhammad of Ghor, d. 1206, Afghan conqueror of N India. A brother of the sultan of Ghor, he was made governor of Ghazni in 1173 and from there launched a series of invasions of India. By 1186 he had c...

Ershad, Hussain Muhammad

(Encyclopedia)Ershad, Hussain Muhammad, 1930–2019, Bangladeshi military and political leader, b. Cooch Behar (now part of West Bengal, India). Commissioned in Pakistan's army in 1952, he was a career soldier, ris...

Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad

(Encyclopedia)Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad shākh mo͞ohämˈmäd äbdo͝ol-läˈ [key], 1905–82, nationalist leader in Kashmir, known as the Lion of Kashmir. He became active in polit...

Chaudhry, Iftikhar Muhammad

(Encyclopedia)Chaudhry, Iftikhar Muhammad ĭftĭkärˈ məhäˈməd chôˈdrē [key], 1948–, chief justice of the Pakistan Supreme Court (2005–7, 2009–13). He established a private practice in 1974 and became...

Farrukhabad

(Encyclopedia)Farrukhabad fəro͝okhˈäbädˌ [key], joint municipality with Fategarh, Uttar Pradesh state, N central ...

Sher Ali

(Encyclopedia)Sher Ali shēr älēˈ, shâr [key], 1825–79, emir of Afghanistan (1863–79), son of Dost Muhammad. His succession was opposed by other members of his family, notably his brothers. Sher Ali turned ...

Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area

(Encyclopedia)Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area ägˈə bo͝oryätˈ [key], former administrative division, S Siberian Russia, in what is now the Transbaykal Territory. Aginskoye was the capital. Formed in 1937, the area...

Ahmad Khan, Sir Sayyid

(Encyclopedia)Ahmad Khan, Sir Sayyid säˈyēd äkhmädˈ khän [key], 1817–98, Indian Muslim educator. His family was long connected with the Mughal court, but he entered the service of the British East India Co...

Muhammad, prophet of Islam

(Encyclopedia)Muhammad məhămˈəd [key] [Arab.,=praised], 570?–632, the name of the Prophet of Islam, one of the great figures of history, b. Mecca. The traditions concerning Muhammad's life, deeds, and sa...

Muhammad I, Ottoman sultan

(Encyclopedia)Muhammad I or Mehmet I mĕmĕtˈ [key] (Muhammad the Restorer), 1389?–1421, Ottoman sultan (1413–21), son of Beyazid I. By defeating his brothers he reunited most of his father's empire. He consol...