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Lermontov, Mikhail Yurevich

(Encyclopedia)Lermontov, Mikhail Yurevich mēkhəyēlˈ yo͞orˈyĭvĭch lyĕrˈməntŭf [key], 1814–41, Russian poet and novelist. Given an extensive private education by his wealthy grandmother, Lermontov began...

Bulgarin, Faddey Venediktovich

(Encyclopedia)Bulgarin, Faddey Venediktovich fədyāˈ vĭnyədyēkˈtəvĭch bo͝olgäˈrēn [key], 1789–1859, Russian journalist and novelist, b. Poland. Bulgarin's original name was Tadeusz Bulharyn. In 1825 h...

Marlinsky, Cossack

(Encyclopedia)Marlinsky, Cossack: see Bestuzhev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. ...

Tuwim, Julian

(Encyclopedia)Tuwim, Julian yo͞olˈyän to͞oˈvēm [key], 1894–1953, Polish poet. A leader of the Skamander group of experimental poets, he was also a major figure in his nation's literature. In his principal c...

Theremin, Leon

(Encyclopedia)Theremin, Leon thĕrˈəmən [key], 1896–1993, Russian engineer and inventor, b. St. Petersburg as Lev Sergeyevich Termen. He studied and worked in his native city, attending its university and cons...

Alexander I, czar of Russia

(Encyclopedia)Alexander I, 1777–1825, czar of Russia (1801–25), son of Paul I (in whose murder he may have taken an indirect part). In the first years of his reign the liberalism of his Swiss tutor, Frédéric ...

Karamzin, Nikolai Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia)Karamzin, Nikolai Mikhailovich nyĭkəlīˈ mēkhīˈləvĭch kərəmzēnˈ [key], 1766–1826, Russian historian and writer. His Letters of a Russian Traveler, 1789–90 (1792, abr. tr. 1957), dealin...

Bakhchisaray

(Encyclopedia)Bakhchisaray bäkhˌchēsərīˈ [key] [Turk.,=garden palace], city, Crimea. From 1954 part of Ukraine (then the Ukrainian SSR), the city passed to Russian control in 2014 after the occupation and ann...

prelude

(Encyclopedia)prelude prāˈlo͞od [key], musical composition of no universal style, usually for the keyboard. It was originally used to precede a ceremony and later a second, often larger piece. Early preludes rep...