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Unruh, Fritz von

(Encyclopedia)Unruh, Fritz von frĭts fən o͝onˈro͞o [key], 1885–1970, German dramatic poet. Son of a Prussian general, Unruh was an officer who became a pacifist after World War I. His expressionist plays inc...

Webern, Anton von

(Encyclopedia)Webern, Anton von änˈtōn fən vāˈbərn [key], 1883–1945, Austrian composer and conductor; pupil of Arnold Schoenberg. He conducted theater orchestras in Prague and in various German cities unti...

Berlichingen, Götz von

(Encyclopedia)Berlichingen, Götz von götsˈ fən bĕrˈlĭkhĭng-ən [key], 1480–1562, German knight and adventurer. The head of a band of free soldiers, he lost (1504) his right hand in the battle of Landshut ...

Bernhardi, Friedrich von

(Encyclopedia)Bernhardi, Friedrich von frēˈdrĭkh fən bĕrnhärˈdē [key], 1849–1930, German general and military writer. His book Germany and the Next War (1912, tr. 1912) was widely publicized by the Allies...

Masson, Frédéric

(Encyclopedia)Masson, Frédéric, 1847–1923, French historian, an authority on Napoleon I and his family. His work is uncritically laudatory with regard to Napoleon himself; his admiration, however, did not deter...

Francesca da Rimini

(Encyclopedia)Francesca da Rimini fränchĕsˈkä dä rēˈmēnē [key], fl. 13th cent., Italian beauty, daughter of Guido da Polenta of Ravenna. She was married by proxy to the hunchbacked lord of Rimini, Gianciot...

solfège

(Encyclopedia)solfège sōlfĕdˈjō [key] [Ital.], in music, systems of vocal exercises employing the solmization syllables of Guido d'Arezzo (ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la). Solfège has the dual purpose of vocalizatio...

Calvaert, Denis

(Encyclopedia)Calvaert, Denis or Denys both: dənēˈ kälˈvärt [key], 1540–1619, Flemish mannerist painter in Italy, where he was known as Il Fiammingo. He studied in Antwerp and later in Bologna under Prosper...

secession, in art

(Encyclopedia)secession, in art, any of several associations of progressive artists, especially those in Munich, Berlin, and Vienna, who withdrew from the established academic societies or exhibitions. The artists ...

Vienna Philharmonic

(Encyclopedia)Vienna Philharmonic, symphony orchestra in Vienna, Austria, founded 1842 and based at the Weiner Musikverein. The orchestra is a self-governing institution whose members are selected exclusively from ...