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Balkans

(Encyclopedia)Balkans, Bulg. Stara Planina stäˈrä pläˌnēnäˈ [key], major mountain range of the Balkan Peninsula and Bulgaria, extending c.350 mi (560 km) from E Serbia through central Bulgaria to the Black ...

Stara Planina

(Encyclopedia)Stara Planina, mountains: see Balkans, Bulgaria. ...

Ignatiev, Nikolai Pavlovich, Count

(Encyclopedia)Ignatiev, Nikolai Pavlovich, Count nyĭkəlīˈ pävˈləvĭch ĭgnäˈtyəf [key], 1832–1908, Russian diplomat. He was sent to China as an envoy in 1859. There he played the Chinese against the Bri...

Balkan Peninsula

(Encyclopedia)Balkan Peninsula, southeasternmost peninsula of Europe, c.200,000 sq mi (518,000 sq km), bounded by the Black Sea, Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, and Adriatic Sea. Although...

Shipka

(Encyclopedia)Shipka shĭpˈkä [key], pass through the Balkans, alt. c.4,370 ft (1,330 m), central Bulgaria. It is crossed by a highway. Gabrovo, north of the pass, was the scene of a Russo-Bulgarian victory over ...

Iskŭr

(Encyclopedia)Iskŭr ĭsˈkĕr [key], river, c.250 mi (400 km) long, rising in the Rhodope Mts., W Bulgaria, and flowing generally NE past Sofia and through the Balkan Mts. to the Danube River. The gorge of the Isk...

Ohrid, Lake

(Encyclopedia)Ohrid, Lake, Albanian Ohrit, deepest lake of the Balkans, c.130 sq mi (340 sq km), on the North Macedonia–Albania border. It is connected with Lake Prespa by underground channels and is drained to t...

Blagoevgrad

(Encyclopedia)Blagoevgrad blägôˈĕvgrät [key], city, SW Bulgaria, is a farming region known especially for its ...

Tittoni, Tommaso

(Encyclopedia)Tittoni, Tommaso tōm-mäˈzō tēt-tôˈnē [key], 1855–1931, Italian statesman. As minister of foreign affairs (1903–5, 1906–9), he sought closer ties with the Western powers, while remaining ...

Franchet d'Esperey, Louis Félix Marie François

(Encyclopedia)Franchet d'Esperey, Louis Félix Marie François lwē fālēksˈ märēˈ fräNswäˈ fräNshāˈ dāpərāˈ [key], 1856–1942, marshal of France. He commanded the French 5th army in the battle of t...

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