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Struma

(Encyclopedia)Struma stro͞oˈmä [key], Gr. Strimón, river, 216 mi (348 km) long, rising in the mountains of W Bulgaria and flowing S, through NE Greece, to the Aegean Sea. ...

Thrace

(Encyclopedia)Thrace thrās [key], region, 3,310 sq mi (8,575 sq km), SE Europe, occupying the southeastern tip of the Balkan Peninsula and comprising NE Greece, S Bulgaria, and European Turkey. Its boundaries have...

Shipka

(Encyclopedia)Shipka shĭpˈkä [key], pass through the Balkans, alt. c.4,370 ft (1,330 m), central Bulgaria. It is crossed by a highway. Gabrovo, north of the pass, was the scene of a Russo-Bulgarian victory over ...

Dimitrov, Georgi

(Encyclopedia)Dimitrov, Georgi gĕôrˈgē dĭmēˈtrŏf [key], 1882–1949, Bulgarian Communist leader. A revolutionary from boyhood, he was a leader in the 1923 Communist uprising against Alexander Tsankov. When ...

Iskŭr

(Encyclopedia)Iskŭr ĭsˈkĕr [key], river, c.250 mi (400 km) long, rising in the Rhodope Mts., W Bulgaria, and flowing generally NE past Sofia and through the Balkan Mts. to the Danube River. The gorge of the Isk...

Pernik

(Encyclopedia)Pernik pĕrˈnĭk [key], city (1993 pop. 91,075), W Bulgaria, on the Struma River. The industrial center of a coal-mining region, it has iron and steel smelters, glassworks, and power plants. Pernik i...

Pazardzhik

(Encyclopedia)Pazardzhik päzärjĭkˈ [key], city (1993 pop. 82,904), S central Bulgaria, on the Maritsa River. A commercial center, its chief industries are textiles and food processing. Pazardzhik was under Turk...

Boris I

(Encyclopedia)Boris I, d. 907, khan [ruler] of Bulgaria (852–89). Baptized in 864, he introduced Christianity of the Byzantine rite among the Bulgarians. There followed a rivalry between Rome and Constantinople f...

Moesia

(Encyclopedia)Moesia mēˈshə [key], ancient region of SE Europe, south of the lower Danube River. Inhabited by Thracians, it was captured by the Romans in 29 b.c. It was later organized as a Roman province, compr...

Asenovgrad

(Encyclopedia)Asenovgrad äsānôvˈgrät [key], city, S central Bulgaria. It is a commercial center, with wineries and tobacco manufactures. An ancient Bulgarian stronghold, it became ...