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John VIII, pope

(Encyclopedia)John VIII, d. 882, pope (872–82), a Roman; successor of Adrian II. John strenuously opposed the activities of St. Ignatius of Constantinople in Bulgaria. When Ignatius died, John recognized Photius ...

Vehmgericht

(Encyclopedia)Vehmgericht fāˈmĭk [key], in medieval Germany, a type of criminal tribunal. The inability of the Holy Roman emperors to exercise effective central control over their lands and the extensive feudal ...

Nordhoff, Charles Bernard

(Encyclopedia)Nordhoff, Charles Bernard: see under Nordhoff, Charles. ...

Viana, Charles of

(Encyclopedia)Viana, Charles of: see Charles of Viana. ...

Coster, Charles de

(Encyclopedia)Coster, Charles de: see De Coster, Charles. ...

Charles Edward Stuart

(Encyclopedia)Charles Edward Stuart: see Stuart, Charles Edward. ...

Gaulle, Charles de

(Encyclopedia)Gaulle, Charles de: see de Gaulle, Charles. ...

Buhl, André Charles

(Encyclopedia)Buhl, André Charles: see Boulle, André Charles. ...

Foster, Charles

(Encyclopedia)Foster, Charles, 1828–1904, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1891–93), b. Seneca co., Ohio. He was long identified with the business interests of Fostoria, Ohio—named for C. W. Foster, his father...

Constantine IV, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia)Constantine IV, c.652–685, Byzantine emperor (668–85), son and successor of Constans II. He defended Constantinople against the annual naval attacks of the Muslims, who finally withdrew in 678; Gr...