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Jospin, Lionel Robert

(Encyclopedia)Jospin, Lionel Robert zhôspăNˈ [key], 1937–, French politician, premier of France (1997–2002). He studied at the elite École Nationale d'Administration (1961–65) and worked (1965–70) in th...

Arthur, Owen Seymour

(Encyclopedia)Arthur, Owen Seymour, 1949–2020, Barbadian political leader. An economist, he worked for the Jamaican national planning agency in the 1970s and the Barbados ministry of finance and planning in the 1...

Bolger, James

(Encyclopedia)Bolger, James bōlˈjər [key], 1935–, New Zealand political leader. A sheep rancher, he entered Parliament in 1972 as a member of the National party. In Robert Muldoon's government, he served as mi...

Wilson, Harold

(Encyclopedia)Wilson, Harold (James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx), 1916–95, British statesman. A graduate of Oxford, he became an economics lecturer there (1937) and a fellow of University College (193...

Christie, Perry Gladstone

(Encyclopedia)Christie, Perry Gladstone, 1943–, Bahamian political leader. A member of the Progressive Liberal party, he practiced law for several years before serving (1977–2017; as an independent from 1987 to...

Papagos, Alexander

(Encyclopedia)Papagos, Alexander päˈpägôs [key], 1883–1955, Greek soldier and political leader. Commissioned an officer in the Greek army in 1906, he rose rapidly through the ranks. In 1935 he became minister...

Fraser, Malcolm

(Encyclopedia)Fraser, Malcolm (John Malcolm Fraser), 1930–2015, Australian political leader and prime minister (1975–83). A graduate of Oxford (1952), he entered the Australian parliament as a Liberal member in...

Kato, Komei (Takaaki)

(Encyclopedia)Kato, Komei (Takaaki) kōˈmā käˈtō, täkä-äˈkē [key], 1860–1926, Japanese statesman. He entered the foreign ministry after graduating from Tokyo Univ. He served (1909) as ambassador to Grea...

Soulé, Pierre

(Encyclopedia)Soulé, Pierre pyĕr so͞olāˈ [key], 1801–70, American political leader and diplomat, b. Castillon, France. A lawyer, he was imprisoned for republican activities against the conservative Bourbons,...

Cartes Jara, Horacio Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Cartes Jara, Horacio Manuel, 1956–, Paraguayan businessman and political leader. The son of a businessman who owned an aircraft franchise, Cartes studied aviation in the United States. At 19 he inve...