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Elgin, Thomas Bruce, 7th earl of

(Encyclopedia)Elgin, Thomas Bruce, 7th earl of, 1766–1841, British diplomat. He served on diplomatic missions to Vienna, Brussels, Berlin, and Constantinople. While in Constantinople (1799–1803), he arranged fo...

sandwich, food

(Encyclopedia)sandwich, a piece of meat or other food placed between two slices of bread. Although food in this form has long been used, the term sandwich originated in the 18th cent. It is named for John Montagu, ...

Kildare, Thomas Fitzgerald, 10th earl of

(Encyclopedia)Kildare, Thomas Fitzgerald, 10th earl of, 1513–37, Irish nobleman, called Silken Thomas. When his father, the 9th earl and lord deputy of Ireland, was summoned to London on charges of maladministrat...

Arundel, Henry Fitzalan, 12th earl of

(Encyclopedia)Arundel, Henry Fitzalan, 12th earl of ărˈəndəl [key], 1511?–1580, English statesman. Lord chamberlain under Henry VIII, he was a member of the council appointed by Henry to govern during the min...

Orrery, Roger Boyle, 1st earl of

(Encyclopedia)Orrery, Roger Boyle, 1st earl of, 1621–79, Irish statesman and writer; son of Richard Boyle, 1st earl of Cork. Created (1627) Baron Broghill, he studied at Trinity College, Dublin, traveled abroad, ...

Tyrconnel, Richard Talbot, duke and earl of

(Encyclopedia)Tyrconnel, Richard Talbot, duke and earl of tôlˈbət, tərkŏnˈəl [key], 1630–91, Irish Jacobite. He escaped from Ireland after Oliver Cromwell's punitive campaign there (1649) and was party to ...

Barnardo, Thomas John

(Encyclopedia)Barnardo, Thomas John bərnärˈdō [key], 1845–1905, British social reformer. Pioneering in the care of destitute children, he founded (1867) in London the East End Juvenile Mission. In 1870, with ...

Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 9th earl of

(Encyclopedia)Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 9th earl of, 1629?–1685, Scottish nobleman; son of the 8th earl. An ardent and active royalist and a Protestant, he opposed extreme measures against the Covenanters, ther...

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