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Gusenbauer, Alfred

(Encyclopedia)Gusenbauer, Alfred älˈfrĕd go͞osĕnbouˌər [key], 1960–, Austrian politician, grad. Univ. of Vienna (Ph.D. 1987). Active in the Social Democratic party from a young age, he was executive secret...

ham, food

(Encyclopedia)ham, hind leg of a hog above the hock joint, prepared for food by curing or smoking. Ham is one of the earliest of preserved meats; it is now a leading product of the meatpacking industry. The flavor ...

József, Attila

(Encyclopedia)József, Attila äˈtĭlä yōˈzhĕf [key], 1905–37, Hungarian poet. Born in Budapest of a poor family, József had to support himself from the age of seven with menial jobs; he was never able to e...

Carpocrates

(Encyclopedia)Carpocrates kärpŏkˈrətēz [key], fl. c.130–c.150, Alexandrian philosopher, founder with his son Epiphanes of a Hellenistic sect, notoriously licentious, related to Gnosticism. Epiphanes wrote a ...

Biton and Cleobis

(Encyclopedia)Biton klēōˈbĭs [key], in Greek mythology, sons of the priestess Cydippe. When their mother wanted to see a famous temple of Hera, which was many miles away, the brothers dragged her chariot there....

Bowditch, Nathaniel

(Encyclopedia)Bowditch, Nathaniel, 1773–1838, American navigator and mathematician, b. Salem, Mass. He had no formal schooling after the age of 10. In 1795 he went to sea, and on five long voyages he carried out ...

Richards, I. A.

(Encyclopedia)Richards, I. A. (Ivor Armstrong Richards), 1893–1979, English literary critic. Richards was one of the founders of the school of interpretation known as the New Criticism, which stressed an awarenes...

Pale

(Encyclopedia)Pale. 1 In Irish and English history, that district of indefinite and varying limits around Dublin, in which English law prevailed. The term was first used in the 14th cent. to designate what had prev...

Nash, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Nash, Paul, 1889–1946, English painter and wood engraver. He studied at the Slade School of Art, London. Nash worked at the front as official artist in both World Wars. He helped to form Unit One, a...

Drake, Sir Francis

(Encyclopedia)Drake, Sir Francis, 1540?–1596, English navigator and admiral, first Englishman to circumnavigate the world (1577–80). In 1585, Drake commanded a fleet that sacked Vigo in Spain and burned São ...