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Eudoxus of Cnidus

(Encyclopedia)Eudoxus of Cnidus yo͞odŏkˈsəs, nīˈdəs [key], 408?–355? b.c., Greek astronomer, mathematician, and physician. From the accounts of various ancient writers, he appears to have studied with Plat...

Brasidas

(Encyclopedia)Brasidas brăˈsĭdəs [key], d. 422 b.c., Spartan general in the Peloponnesian War. In 424 b.c. he saved Mégara from Athenian attack, and then conducted an able campaign in Thrace, capturing Amphipo...

Theognis

(Encyclopedia)Theognis thēŏgˈnĭs [key], fl. 6th cent. b.c., Greek didactic poet of Megara. An aristocrat with fierce partisan feelings, he wrote for his young friend Cyrnus a series of elegies, often passionate...

Saronic Gulf

(Encyclopedia)Saronic Gulf sərŏˈnĭk [key], arm of the Aegean Sea, indenting SE Greece and separated from the Gulf of Corinth by the Isthmus of Corinth. The Saronic Gulf is the eastern terminus of the Corinth Ca...

Chalcedon

(Encyclopedia)Chalcedon kălˈsĭdŏn, –dən, kălsēˈdən [key], ancient Greek city of Asia Minor, on the Bosporus. It was founded by Megara on the shore opposite Byzantium in 685 b.c. Taken by the Persians and...

Salamis, island, Greece

(Encyclopedia)Salamis, island, E Greece, in the Saronic Gulf, W of Athens. It early belonged to Aegina but was later under Athenian control, except for a brief period after it was occupied (c.600 b.c.) by Megara. I...

Byzantium

(Encyclopedia)Byzantium bīzănˈshēəm, –shəm, –tēəm [key], ancient city of Thrace, on the site of the present-day İstanbul, Turkey. Founded by Greeks from Megara in 667 b.c., it early rose to importance ...

geometry

(Encyclopedia)geometry [Gr.,=earth measuring], branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of and relationships between points, lines, planes, and figures and with generalizations of these concepts. Eucli...

Cylon

(Encyclopedia)Cylon sīˈlän [key], fl. 7th cent. b.c., Athenian nobleman. After a triumph in the Olympic games, Cylon, at the instigation and with the support of his father-in-law, Theagenes, the tyrant of Megara...

Heraclea Pontica

(Encyclopedia)Heraclea Pontica pŏnˈtĭkə [key], ancient Greek city, a port on the southern shore of the Black Sea. Founded in the 6th cent. b.c. by colonists from Megara and Boeotia, it rose to a position of gre...